Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v3 - Senior Secondary 1
Output Devices
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Output Devices
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Subject: Computer & IT
Class: Senior Secondary 1
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 2
Theme: Computer Hardware
This page supports the lesson note with a companion video and a short classroom-ready summary.
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Students should beable to:Define out putdevices List out putdevices State the features and uses of monitors Power on the monitor State the typesof printer with examples State the differencesbetween impactand non-impactprinter Operate the printer
Common output devices include: Monitors (or Screens): Display visual output.
Printers: Produce hard copies of digital information.
Speakers: Generate audio output.
Projectors: Display large-scale visual output onto a screen or wall.
Plotters: Specialized printers for large-format graphics and designs (e.g., architectural blueprints, maps).
Screen Size: Measured diagonally in inches (e.g., 15-inch, 21-inch). Larger screens offer more workspace but may be more expensive.
Resolution: The number of pixels (picture elements) displayed horizontally and vertically (e.g., 1920x1080 for Full HD). Higher resolution means sharper images and more detail.
Refresh Rate: How many times per second the image on the screen is redrawn, measured in Hertz (Hz). A higher refresh rate (e.g., 60Hz, 75Hz, 120Hz) results in smoother motion, especially important for videos and gaming.
Response Time: The time it takes for a pixel to change from one colour to another, measured in milliseconds (ms). Lower response times (e.g., 1ms, 5ms) reduce motion blur.
Aspect Ratio: The ratio of the screen's width to its height (e.g., 4:3 for older monitors, 16:9 for widescreen monitors common today).
Display Technology: Common types include Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and Light-Emitting Diode (LED). LEDs are a type of LCD that use LED backlighting, offering better contrast and energy efficiency.
Displaying Text and Documents: Reading emails, creating reports, typing assignments.
Viewing Images and Videos: Watching movies, editing photos, browsing social media.
Internet Browsing: Accessing websites, online learning platforms.
Gaming: Playing computer games.
Educational Purposes: Displaying lessons, interactive simulations.
Professional Work: Graphic design, video editing, data analysis in offices across Nigeria.
Ensure Connections: Verify that the monitor's power cable is securely plugged into an electrical outlet (or surge protector) and the video cable (VGA, HDMI, DisplayPort) is connected between the monitor and the computer's CP
U. Power Button on Monitor: Locate the power button on the monitor (often on the bottom bezel, side, or back).
Press Power Button: Press the power button once. An indicator light (LED) on the monitor usually illuminates (e.g., green or blue) to show it is powered on.
Power Button on CPU (if applicable): If the computer (CPU) is not already on, power it on. The monitor will then display the computer's boot-up process. Teacher should emphasize safety with electrical connections and proper handling of cables.
Printers are broadly categorized into two main types based on how they transfer ink to paper: Impact and Non-Impact printers.
A. Impact Printers: These printers work by striking an ink ribbon against the paper, much like a typewriter. They are generally slower and noisier but can produce carbon copies.
Dot-Matrix Printers: Mechanism: Uses a print head that contains a matrix of pins (e.g., 9-pin, 24-pin) which strike an ink-soaked ribbon to form characters and images as a series of dots.
Features: Produce continuous-form output (tractor feed), can print multi-part forms (carbon copies), relatively inexpensive to operate per page, noisy.
Uses: Printing invoices, receipts, financial statements, waybills, examination results in rural areas where cost and carbon copies are priorities.
Example: Epson LX-
3
5
0. B.
Non-Impact Printers: These printers do not use a striking mechanism. They form characters and graphics on paper without direct physical contact between the printing element and the paper. They are generally faster, quieter, and produce higher quality output.
Inkjet Printers: Mechanism: Spray tiny droplets of liquid ink through microscopic nozzles onto the paper to form characters and images. They use cartridges containing different colours (cyan, magenta, yellow, black).
Features: Produce high-quality colour graphics and photos, relatively quiet, affordable for home and small office use. Slower than laser printers for large text documents.
Uses: Printing photos, colour documents, brochures, school projects, general home and office printing.
Example: HP DeskJet series, Canon PIXMA series.
Laser Printers: Mechanism: Use a laser beam to project an image of the page onto a rotating drum. The drum then picks up powdered ink (toner) and transfers it to the paper, which is then fused onto the paper by heat and pressure.
Features: Very fast, produce high-quality sharp text and graphics (especially black and white), quiet, more expensive initial cost but lower cost per page for high volume.
Uses: High-volume text printing in offices, government ministries, schools, banks, and businesses across Nigeria.
Example: HP LaserJet series, Canon imageCLASS series.
This section connects the topic to practical scenarios in the Nigerian context.
Banking and Financial Services: Monitors: ATM screens in Nigeria display transaction details, account balances, and withdrawal options. Bank tellers use monitors to access customer records and process transactions.
Printers: ATMs print transaction receipts. Banks print statements, cheque books, and official documents using high-speed laser printers. Dot-matrix printers might still be used for printing multi-part ledgers in some older branch setups.
Education and Administration: Monitors: Students view their JAMB CBT exam results on monitors in cyber cafes or school computer labs. Teachers use monitors to prepare lesson notes, mark scripts, and access online resources (e.g., NERDC curriculum materials). School administrative staff use monitors to manage student records and generate reports.
Printers: Schools print report cards, exam question papers, admission letters, and official documents. Universities print certificates and transcripts. Cyber cafes print JAMB registration forms and admission letters for students across the country.
Government and Public Services: Monitors: Display information in public places like airports, train stations, and government offices (e.g., arrival/departure boards, public service announcements). Data entry clerks in government agencies use monitors for voter registration, national ID card processing, and other civil service functions.
Printers: Government parastatals print official documents, policies, national identity cards, driver's licenses, and land titles. Large-format plotters are used by urban planning departments to print maps and architectural designs for infrastructure development projects in cities like Abuja and Lagos.