Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v3 - Senior Secondary 2
Decorations for body adjornment
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Decorations for body adjornment
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Subject: Painting And Decoration
Class: Senior Secondary 2
Term: 1st Term
Week: 3
Theme: Decorative Art
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Students shouldbe able to produce qualitybeads from:- Roll paperbeads.- Straw beads- Seed beads- Plastics beads- Glassbeads
remove any pulp, dirt, or debris. Some seeds may need to be soaked and then scrubbed. Allow them to dry completely.
2. Drilling: This is the most critical and potentially hazardous step. For soft seeds (e.g., Job's Tears), a strong needle or a small hand awl can be used carefully to pierce a hole through the centre. For harder seeds (e.g., palm kernel shells), a small hand drill or dremel tool with a tiny drill bit is required.
Strict safety precautions are paramount: use protective eyewear, secure the seed in a vice or clamp, and ensure adult supervision.
3. Smoothing (Optional): Lightly sand the edges of the drilled holes or the surface of rough seeds for a smoother finish.
4. Finishing (Optional): Apply a thin coat of clear varnish or natural oil (e.g., coconut oil) to preserve the seeds, enhance their colour, and give them a slight sheen.
5. Stringing: String the prepared seed beads onto thread or fishing line. d.
Plastics Beads: Repurposing plastic waste (e.g., plastic bottles, discarded plastic containers) into beads is an excellent way to practice sustainability.
Materials: Clean plastic bottles/containers (PET, HDPE types are common), sharp scissors or utility knife (handle with extreme care), hole puncher or small drill, sandpaper, permanent markers/acrylic paints, varnish (optional), oven (optional, for shaping, with extreme caution and supervision).
Process:
1. Preparation of Plastic: Thoroughly wash and dry plastic items. Cut out flat or slightly curved sections.
2. Cutting Shapes: Using sharp scissors, cut the plastic into desired bead shapes (e.g., circles, squares, ovals, irregular shapes). Punch holes in the center of each piece using a hole puncher or a small drill.
3. Smoothing: Sand the edges of the cut plastic pieces to remove any sharp points and create a smooth finish.
4. Shaping with Heat (Optional, extreme caution): Small pieces of plastic can be briefly heated in an oven (on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper, at a low temperature around 150-180°C for a few minutes) to make them shrink, curl, or flatten into unique forms. This process releases fumes, so ensure excellent ventilation and adult supervision. Avoid burning the plastic. Alternatively, a heat gun can be used carefully.
5. Decorating: Decorate the plastic beads with permanent markers, acrylic paints, or by etching designs. Allow paint to dry completely.
6. Finishing (Optional): Apply a clear varnish to protect the decoration and add shine. e.
Glass Beads: Direct production of glass beads from raw materials (glass blowing, lampworking) is typically beyond the scope and safety resources of a typical SSS2 classroom.
However, the objective "produce quality beads from glass beads" implies working with existing glass beads.
This can involve: Embellishing/Decorating Existing Glass Beads: Materials: Plain glass beads (various sizes, shapes), permanent markers, glass paint, glitter, glue, fine sandpaper (optional).
Process:
1. Cleaning: Thoroughly clean the glass beads to remove any oils or dirt.
2. Surface Preparation (Optional): Lightly scuffing the surface with very fine sandpaper can help paint adhere better, but this may dull the glass.
3. Decorating: Use permanent markers or specialized glass paints to draw patterns, lines, or dots onto the beads. Allow to dry thoroughly.
4. Sealing (Optional): Some glass paints require baking to cure. If using regular paints or markers, a clear sealant or lacquer can be applied (ensure it is suitable for glass) to protect the design. Integrating Glass Beads into Multimedia Creations: Using existing glass beads as focal points or complementary elements when producing necklaces, bracelets, or other adornments from other materials (paper, straw, seeds, plastics). This demonstrates understanding of design and material combination. 2.
4. Multimedia Beads: This refers to the creation of decorative items that combine two or more different types of bead materials (e.g., paper beads with seed beads, plastic beads with glass beads, straw beads with fabric elements). This encourages creativity, texture variation, and unique aesthetic outcomes. The objective explicitly asks students to "produce multimedia beads," meaning they should demonstrate the ability to combine these materials effectively. --- 2.
1. Decorations for Body Adornment: This refers to items worn on the body to enhance appearance, express personal style, cultural identity, or social status. These can include jewelry (necklaces, bracelets, rings, earrings), clothing embellishments, body paint, tattoos, and hair ornaments. In this lesson, the focus is specifically on beads as a fundamental component of body adornment. 2.
2. Beads: Beads are small, decorative objects of various shapes and sizes, typically perforated for stringing or attaching. They have been used for thousands of years by diverse cultures for personal adornment, religious purposes, trade, and as indicators of wealth or status. 2.
3. Types of Beads and Production Processes: a.
Roll Paper Beads: These beads are made from recycled paper, offering a cost-effective and environmentally friendly option. They are versatile and can be painted, varnished, or embellished.
Materials: Old newspapers, magazines, wrapping paper, art paper, glue (PVA or craft glue), toothpick/skewer/rolling tool, ruler, pencil, scissors, varnish (clear nail polish or wood varnish).
Process:
1. Preparation of Paper Strips: Using a ruler and pencil, mark and cut long, triangular strips of paper. The base width of the triangle determines the bead's width, and the length determines its thickness. A common strip size could be 1cm wide at the base and 30-40cm long.
2. Rolling: Apply a small amount of glue to the narrow end of the paper strip. Place the wider end of the strip onto a toothpick or rolling tool. Begin rolling the paper tightly and evenly towards the narrow, glued end.
3. Securing: Once fully rolled, apply another drop of glue to the tip of the narrow end and press it firmly to secure the bead. Carefully slide the bead off the rolling tool.
4. Drying: Allow the beads to dry completely.
5. Finishing: Once dry, paint the beads if desired (using poster paint, acrylics, or even markers). After paint dries, apply 2-3 coats of clear varnish or nail polish to make them durable, water-resistant, and glossy. Allow each coat to dry thoroughly. b.
Straw Beads: These beads are made from plastic drinking straws, providing a quick and colourful option. They are lightweight and can be easily cut and shaped.
Materials: Plastic drinking straws (various colours and thicknesses), scissors, lighter/candle (optional, for shaping, with strict supervision), thread/fishing line, needle.
Process:
1. Cutting: Cut the straws into desired lengths and shapes (e.g., small cylinders, slanted cuts for angled beads). Experiment with different lengths for varied effects.
2. Shaping (Optional, requires extreme caution and supervision): Gently heat the edges of the cut straw pieces near a low flame (e.g., candle or lighter) for a second or two. This can melt and slightly round the edges, making them smoother and less sharp. Alternatively, some students may flatten and twist straws while heating to create unique forms.
Emphasize safety: adult supervision is mandatory; use tongs to hold straws; avoid direct contact with flame; ventilate area.
3. Decorating (Optional): Straw beads can be decorated with permanent markers, glitter glue, or by attaching small embellishments.
4. Stringing: Use a needle and thread or fishing line to string the finished straw beads. c.
Seed Beads: Natural seeds from plants offer organic textures and shapes. Many types of seeds found in Nigeria can be used (e.g., Job's Tears, palm kernel, 'abere' seeds, calabash seeds, teak seeds).
Materials: Assorted dry seeds (e.g., Job's Tears, palm kernel shells, 'abere' seeds), awl/drill bit (small hand drill or manual awl, with extreme caution and supervision), sandpaper (optional, for smoothing), varnish/oil (optional, for preservation/shine), thread/fishing line, needle.
Process:
1. Sourcing and Cleaning: Collect mature, dry seeds. Clean them thoroughly to remove any pulp, dirt, or debris. Some seeds may need to be soaked and then scrubbed. Allow them to dry completely.
2. Drilling: This is the most critical and potentially hazardous step. For soft seeds (e.g., Job's Tears), a strong needle or a small hand awl can be used carefully to pierce a hole through the centre. For harder seeds (e.g., palm kernel shells), a small hand drill or dremel tool with a tiny drill bit is required.
Strict safety precautions are paramount: use protective eyewear, secure the seed in 3.
1. Introduction (10 minutes)
Teacher Activity: Introduces the topic: "Decorations for Body Adornment, focusing on Bead Production." Initiates a brief discussion on the cultural significance of beads in Nigeria (e.g., different ethnic groups, festivals, traditional attire like Ileke by Yoruba, Ngelenge by Igbo, coral beads for royalty). Presents various examples of finished beadwork, highlighting items made from the materials to be explored (paper, straw, seeds, plastics, glass). States the performance objectives for the lesson.
Student Activity: Participates in the discussion, sharing knowledge of local bead traditions. Observes and examines the displayed examples of beadwork. Listens attentively to the lesson objectives. 3.
2. Exploration and Demonstration of Bead Types (40 minutes)
Teacher Activity: Roll Paper Beads: Demonstrates the step-by-step process of cutting paper strips, rolling them onto a skewer, applying glue, drying, and varnishing. Emphasizes neatness and tight rolling.
Straw Beads: Demonstrates cutting straws into various shapes and lengths. If safe and supervised, briefly demonstrates the optional heat-shaping technique (with clear warnings and safety protocols).
Seed Beads: Displays various local seeds suitable for bead making. Explains the cleaning and drying process. Demonstrates, with utmost caution, how to carefully drill a hole through a seed using a small hand-awl or drill. Emphasizes safety measures (protective eyewear, steady grip).
Plastics Beads: Shows how to cut shapes from plastic bottles, punch holes, and smooth edges. Briefly discusses the optional heat-shaping method with strict safety warnings and proper ventilation.
Glass Beads: Explains that direct glass-making is not feasible. Demonstrates how to embellish plain glass beads with permanent markers or integrate existing glass beads into a multi-material design. Provides clear, step-by-step instructions for each bead type.
Student Activity: Observes closely the teacher's demonstrations for each bead type. Asks clarifying questions regarding materials, tools, and processes. Takes notes on key steps and safety precautions. 3.
3. Practical Production Session - Part 1 (60 minutes)
Teacher Activity: Divides students into small groups (2-3 students per group) to encourage collaborative learning and resource sharing. Distributes materials for Roll Paper Beads and Straw Beads (pre-cut paper strips and straws can be prepared beforehand for efficiency). Circulates among groups, providing individual guidance, correcting techniques, and reinforcing safety (especially with sharp tools). Ensures all students are actively participating in the production process.
Student Activity: Works in groups to practice cutting, rolling, gluing paper strips to make paper beads. Practices cutting and shaping straw beads. Applies initial coats of varnish to their paper beads (if time permits). Collaborates with group members, sharing ideas and assisting one another. 3.
4. Practical Production Session - Part 2 and Multimedia Integration (60 minutes)
Teacher Activity: Distributes materials for Seed Beads (pre-cleaned seeds, manual awls/drills with safety gear). Provides constant, vigilant supervision during seed drilling. Reinforces proper handling of tools. Distributes materials for Plastics Beads (pre-cut plastic pieces, hole punchers, sandpaper, markers). Guides students on how to combine different bead types to create "multimedia beads." Encourages creative combinations (e.g., a necklace with alternating paper, seed, and straw beads; a bracelet with plastic and glass beads). Offers design suggestions and artistic tips.
Student Activity: Practices drilling and preparing seed beads, adhering strictly to safety guidelines. Cuts, punches, and shapes plastic beads, then decorates them. Begins to design and assemble multi-material bead creations (necklaces, bracelets, keychains). Experiment with different stringing techniques and arrangements. 3.
5. Review and Display (10 minutes)
Teacher Activity: Invites students to showcase their partially finished or completed beadwork. Facilitates a brief peer review session, encouraging constructive feedback. Reinforces learning by asking questions about the different materials and techniques used. Provides a concluding summary of the day's practical activities. Assigns homework or sets expectations for continued work on projects.
Student Activity: Displays their bead creations (even if incomplete). Explains their chosen materials and design ideas. Participates in peer review, offering and receiving feedback. Cleans up workspaces and organizes materials. --- Students will work in pairs or small groups for these practical exercises. The teacher circulates, offering immediate feedback and demonstrating as needed.
Question 1: Roll Paper Bead Production Produce at least 5 uniform roll paper beads, ready for varnishing.
Instructions: Select a sheet of old newspaper or magazine. Using a ruler and pencil, mark and cut 5 triangular strips, each 1.5 cm wide at the base and approximately 30 cm long. Carefully roll each strip around a toothpick or skewer, starting from the wider end, ensuring it is tight and even. Apply glue to the narrow tip of the strip to secure the bead. Carefully remove the bead from the rolling tool and set aside to dry. Solution and
Commentary: Expected Outcome: Students should present 5 well-rolled paper beads. The beads should be consistently sized, tightly rolled, and securely glued, indicating good technique.
Teacher's Role: Observe if students are cutting accurate strips, rolling tightly, and applying glue appropriately. Correct any loose rolling or uneven shapes. Emphasize consistency in size and shape. Check for proper drying arrangement.
Question 2: Straw Bead Creation Create 10 straw beads using two different colours of straws, varying their lengths and shapes.
Instructions: Obtain two different coloured plastic straws. Using scissors, cut 5 pieces from the first straw, varying their lengths (e.g., 1cm, 2cm, 0.5cm). Experiment with slanted cuts on some. Repeat the process for the second coloured straw, creating another 5 pieces. Examine the cut pieces for sharp edges and smooth them if necessary by gently rubbing against a flat surface or using fine sandpaper. String 3 of the created straw beads onto a piece of thread to demonstrate their use. Solution and
Commentary: Expected Outcome: Students should present 10 cut straw pieces of varying lengths and potentially shapes (cylindrical, angled), made from two distinct colours. The cut edges should be reasonably neat. Three beads should be strung.
Teacher's Role: Check for variety in length and shape. Observe how students handle scissors for precise cuts. Guide them on experimenting with different angles. Remind them about smoothing edges. Ensure they can successfully string the beads.
Question 3: Multimedia Bead Assembly Combine two types of beads created in previous exercises (e.g., paper and straw beads) to form a short decorative strand.
Instructions: Select 3 of your best-dried paper beads and 3 of your best straw beads. Using a needle and thread or fishing line, string these beads in an alternating pattern (e.g., paper, straw, paper, straw, paper, straw). Secure the ends of the thread with a simple knot. Solution and
Commentary: Expected Outcome: A short string of beads demonstrating an alternating pattern of two different material types. The knot should be secure.
Teacher's Role: Assess the student's ability to combine different materials aesthetically and practically. Check the neatness of stringing and the security of the knot. Encourage discussion on why certain material combinations work well together. ---
Entrepreneurship and Local Economy: Bead making is a thriving informal sector in Nigeria. Students can leverage these skills to become small-scale entrepreneurs, creating and selling handcrafted jewelry at local markets, cultural festivals (e.g., Osun-Osogbo Festival, Calabar Carnival), or even online. This directly contributes to their financial independence and the local craft economy, offering an alternative to formal employment. Many women in rural and urban areas earn a living from beadwork, making this a very practical skill. Cultural Preservation and Modern Adaptation: Beads hold significant cultural value across Nigeria's diverse ethnic groups. Students can use their bead-making skills to recreate traditional adornments, contributing to the preservation of cultural heritage. They can also innovate by blending traditional designs with modern aesthetics, creating contemporary pieces that appeal to a wider audience while still echoing Nigerian identity. For example, making an "Ileke" (Yoruba beaded waist-bead) using recycled materials, or designing a necklace inspired by Igbo traditional coral beads but using paper or plastic. Environmental Sustainability and Recycling: The use of materials like old newspapers, plastic bottles, and natural seeds directly addresses environmental concerns like waste management and resource depletion, which are significant issues in Nigerian cities. By transforming 'waste' into valuable art, students learn practical recycling techniques, promote environmental consciousness, and contribute to a circular economy model where materials are reused and repurposed. This promotes "reduce, reuse, recycle" principles at a very tangible level. ---