Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v3 - Senior Secondary 3
Ball games Hockey
Download the Lessonotes Mobile Nigeria 2025 app for faster lesson access on Android and iPhone.
Ball games Hockey
Download the Lessonotes Mobile Nigeria 2025 app for faster lesson access on Android and iPhone.
Subject: Physical Education
Class: Senior Secondary 3
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 4
Theme: Theory And Practice Of Athletics, Games And Dances
This page supports the lesson note with a companion video and a short classroom-ready summary.
For class groups and homework, share this lesson page so learners also get the summary, objectives, and full lesson context.
Watch on YouTubedraw and label the hockey pitch describe the functions of the various equipment in hockey. demonstrate the basic skills in hockey list of ficials and the ir functions in hockey.
the centre of each back-line.
Whistle: Function: Used by officials to start/stop play, indicate fouls, and signal goals.
Description: Standard sports whistle.
Stopwatch/Timer: Function: Used by officials to keep track of match time.
Description: Digital or analog timer.
C. Basic Skills in Hockey Mastering fundamental skills is essential for effective play.
1. Grip: Indian Grip (or Top Hand Grip): The dominant grip for control and dribbling. The top hand holds the stick like shaking hands, thumb pointing down the shaft. The bottom hand is lower on the shaft, allowing the stick to rotate.
V-Grip (or European Grip): Used more for powerful hitting. Both hands form 'V' shapes with thumbs pointing down the stick. The hands are close together at the top of the stick.
General Principle: The stick is held mainly by the left hand at the top (for right-handed sticks), while the right hand acts as a guide further down the shaft.
2. Stance (Ready Position): Description: Knees slightly bent, body leaning forward, feet shoulder-width apart, stick slightly ahead of the body with the flat side facing the ball, eyes on the ball and surroundings. This allows for quick movement and reaction.
3. Dribbling: Moving the ball while running with the stick.
Push Dribble (Control Dribble): Purpose: Maintaining close control of the ball, especially in tight spaces or when changing direction.
Execution:
1. Adopt a low, balanced stance with the stick out in front.
2. Use a firm but relaxed grip, with the left hand at the top and the right hand lower down, allowing the stick to angle towards the ball.
3. Gently push the ball forward a short distance (a few inches) with the flat face of the stick.
4. Step forward, keeping the stick close to the ball, and repeat the pushing action rhythmically with each step.
5. Keep eyes up periodically to scan for teammates and opponents.
Indian Dribble (or Side-to-Side Dribble): Purpose: Maneuvering the ball quickly from side to side using both the flat and reverse sides of the stick, creating deception and protecting the ball.
Execution:
1. Start with the ball on the flat side of the stick, slightly ahead and to the right of the body (for a right-handed stick).
2. Push the ball across to the left using the flat side of the stick.
3. As the ball moves to the left, rotate the stick using the left wrist to present the reverse side of the stick.
4. Push the ball back to the right using the reverse side of the stick.
5. Continuously alternate between the flat and reverse sides, keeping the ball close and maintaining a fluid rhythm while moving forward.
6. Maintain a low body position and quick footwork.
4. Pushing (Push Pass): Purpose: A short to medium-range pass, offering accuracy and control, often used for quick distribution or shooting.
Execution:
1. Position the ball next to the stick, slightly in front of the front foot (opposite to the stick side).
2. Adopt a low, balanced stance, feet shoulder-width apart, knees bent.
3. Place both hands on the stick, with the left hand at the top and the right hand lower down, providing stability.
4. Transfer body weight from the back foot to the front foot.
5. Push the stick and ball simultaneously in a smooth, continuous motion towards the target, keeping the stick in contact with the ball for as long as possible.
6. Follow through in the direction of the pass to ensure accuracy.
7. Keep the stick head low to the ground.
5. Stopping/Receiving: Controlling an incoming ball.
Open Stick Stop: Purpose: Stopping a ball coming directly towards the player.
Execution:
1. Position the stick directly in the path of the incoming ball, with the flat face angled slightly towards the ground.
2. Absorb the impact by relaxing the grip and slightly withdrawing the stick as the ball makes contact ("giving with the ball").
3. Keep the body low and balanced.
4. After absorbing the impact, bring the stick forward to control the ball. *Reverse head low to the ground.
5. Stopping/Receiving: Controlling an incoming ball.
Open Stick Stop: Purpose: Stopping a ball coming directly towards the player.
Execution:
1. Position the stick directly in the path of the incoming ball, with the flat face angled slightly towards the ground.
2. Absorb the impact by relaxing the grip and slightly withdrawing the stick as the ball makes contact ("giving with the ball").
3. Keep the body low and balanced.
4. After absorbing the impact, bring the stick forward to control the ball.
Reverse Stick Stop: Purpose: Stopping a ball coming from the player's left side (where the flat side of the stick cannot easily reach without rotating the body).
Execution:
1. Rotate the stick so the reverse side (rounded side, but used on its flat edge) faces the incoming ball. This requires a strong left wrist and forearm rotation.
2. Position the stick in the ball's path, angling it slightly downwards.
3. Absorb the impact by "giving" with the stick.
4. Control the ball once stopped. D. Officials and Their Functions in Hockey Officials ensure the game is played according to the rules, promoting fair play and safety.
1. Umpires (Field Umpires): Function: Control the game on the pitch. Two umpires are usually assigned, each responsible for one half of the pitch but with overlapping jurisdiction for crucial decisions. They enforce rules, signal fouls (e.g., foot, obstruction, dangerous play, back-stick), award free hits, penalty corners, penalty strokes, and goals. They manage player conduct, issue cards (green, yellow, red), and keep time (in conjunction with timekeeper).
2. Reserve Umpire (or Third Umpire): Function: Assists the field umpires, particularly with substitutions, managing player benches, and providing support during injuries. They may also review video footage in high-level matches if technology is available.
3. Technical Delegate (or Match Director): Function: Oversees the overall running of the match, ensuring the venue, equipment, and personnel meet standards. They manage pre-match arrangements, supervise other technical officials, and resolve issues outside the direct playing field.
4. Judges (Goal Judges/Line Judges): Function: Stationed behind each goal, their primary role is to determine if a goal has been scored, especially when the ball crosses the line in specific circumstances, and to assist umpires with decisions near the goal line. (Less common in modern high-level hockey, as umpires often cover this, but still applicable in some contexts).
5. Timekeeper: Function: Accurately keeps track of the match duration, stopping and starting the clock as instructed by the umpires (e.g., for injuries, penalty corners, or card stoppages).
6. Scorekeeper: Function: Records all goals scored, penalty corners awarded, cards issued, and other relevant match statistics. They maintain the official score sheet. A. The Hockey Pitch The hockey pitch is a rectangular playing area with specific dimensions and markings. Understanding these is crucial for playing and officiating the game correctly.
Types of Pitches: Natural Grass: Historically common, especially in local Nigerian schools and communities, but offers inconsistent bounce and can be muddy.
Artificial Turf (AstroTurf): The standard for international and high-level competitions, offering a fast, consistent surface. It is often watered before games to further speed up play and reduce friction.
Dimensions: Length: 91.40 meters (100 yards)
Width: 55 meters (60 yards)
Key Markings and Their Functions: Boundary Lines: Define the playing area. The longer lines are called "side-lines," and the shorter lines are "back-lines." Centre Line: Divides the pitch into two equal halves. Play commences from here at the start of each half and after a goal. 23-meter Lines (or 25-yard lines): Mark the areas from which certain free hits or aerial balls can be taken. They define important tactical zones. Shooting Circle (or "D"): A semi-circle extending 14.63 meters (16 yards) from the centre of each goal. Goals can only be scored from shots taken within this circle.
Goal: Located at the centre of each back-line, 3.66 meters (4 yards) wide and 2.14 meters (7 feet) high. It is the target for scoring.
Penalty Spot (or Penalty Stroke Mark): Located 6.4 meters (7 yards) from the center of the goal line, directly in front of the goal. Used for penalty strokes.
Penalty Corner Marks: Short lines on the back-line, 9.14 meters (10 yards) from each goal post. Used for penalty corner restarts.
Substitution Benches: Located outside the side-lines, where substitute players and coaching staff reside.
B. Equipment in Hockey and Their Functions Proper equipment ensures safety and fair play.
Hockey Stick: Function: Used to hit, push, stop, and dribble the ball.
Description: Made from materials like wood, fibreglass, carbon, or composite. It has a flat side (for playing the ball) and a rounded side (which must not be used to hit the ball). The stick must pass through a ring with an internal diameter of 5.1cm. Length and weight vary by player height and preference.
Grip: The part of the stick held by the player, typically wrapped for comfort and control.
Hockey Ball: Function: The object of play; it is moved around the pitch to score goals.
Description: Spherical, hard, and made of plastic or similar material, often hollow. Circumference is 224-235 mm, and weight is 156-163 grams.
Shin Guards: Function: Protective gear worn on the shins to prevent injury from ball impacts or stick hits.
Description: Made of hard plastic or composite material, padded on the inside.
Mouth Guard (Gum Shield): Function: Protective gear worn in the mouth to protect teeth, gums, and jaws from injury.
Description: Made of resilient plastic, often custom-fitted. Gloves (Optional for field players, essential for goalkeepers): Function: Provide grip and protection for hands.
Description: Field players might use thin gloves for protection against stick impacts. Goalkeepers wear heavily padded, large gloves for protection and to aid in stopping shots.
Goalkeeper's Kit: Function: Extensive protective gear designed to protect the goalkeeper from powerful shots.
Description: Includes a helmet with face mask, neck guard, heavily padded chest protector, arm guards, padded leg guards (kickers), and large, padded hand protectors (pads and gloves).
Goals: Function: The target for scoring.
Description: Rectangular framework with nets, usually made of metal, positioned at the centre of each back-line.
Whistle: Function: Used by officials to start/stop play, indicate fouls, and signal goals.
Description: Standard sports whistle.
Stopwatch/Timer: Function: Used by officials to keep track of match time.
Description: Digital or analog timer.
C. Basic Skills in Hockey Mastering fundamental skills is essential for effective play.
1. Grip: Indian Grip (or Top Hand Grip): The dominant grip for control and dribbling. The top hand holds the stick like shaking hands, thumb pointing down the shaft. The bottom hand is lower Teacher Activities: Introduction and Review: Begin by reviewing students' prior knowledge of ball games and team sports. Introduce hockey as a fast-paced team sport.
Pitch Diagram & Explanation: Project or draw a large diagram of the hockey pitch on the board. The teacher will label and explain each marking and its dimensions, emphasizing their significance in game play. (Objective 1)
Equipment Visuals & Discussion: Display actual hockey equipment if available (stick, ball, shin guards) or use clear pictures/diagrams. Explain the function, material, and safety aspects of each piece of equipment. Facilitate a discussion on the importance of safety gear. (Objective 2)
Demonstration of Basic Skills: The teacher will physically demonstrate the correct grip (Indian and V-grip) and ready stance. The teacher will then clearly demonstrate the basic skills: Push dribble, Indian dribble, Push pass, Open stick stop, and Reverse stick stop. Each skill will be broken down into steps with clear verbal instructions. (Objective 3)
Officials Explanation: Introduce the various officials, listing them on the board. Explain their specific roles and responsibilities using simple language and practical scenarios. (Objective 4)
Supervision & Feedback: During practical sessions, the teacher will observe students' attempts at skills, providing constructive feedback and correcting techniques.
Q&A and Reinforcement: Conclude each segment with a brief question-and-answer session to check for understanding and reinforce key concepts.
Student Activities: Note-taking and Sketching: Students will listen attentively, take notes, and sketch their own diagram of the hockey pitch, labeling the key areas and dimensions as explained by the teacher. (Objective 1)
Equipment Identification & Description: Students will identify equipment from visuals or actual items. They will describe the functions of different equipment in their own words during group discussions or individual responses. (Objective 2)
Skill Practice: Students will pair up or work in small groups to practice the demonstrated basic skills: Grip and Stance: Practice holding the stick correctly and adopting the ready stance.
Dribbling: Practice push dribble and Indian dribble, initially walking, then jogging.
Pushing: Practice push passing to a partner over short distances.
Stopping: Practice receiving passes from a partner using open stick and reverse stick stops. Students will mimic the teacher's movements and provide peer feedback under supervision. (Objective 3)
Role Play/Discussion on Officials: Students will engage in discussions about the roles of officials. In small groups, they might role-play a scenario where an umpire makes a decision, articulating the umpire's function. (Objective 4)
Questions & Participation: Students will actively participate in Q&A sessions, asking clarifying questions and answering questions posed by the teacher.
Promoting Health and Fitness in Nigerian Communities: Hockey, like other active sports, is a vigorous physical activity that enhances cardiovascular health, muscular strength, agility, and coordination. Integrating hockey into school sports programs encourages students to maintain an active lifestyle, combating sedentary habits prevalent in some Nigerian youth. This can lead to a healthier population and potentially reduce the incidence of lifestyle diseases in the long term. Fostering Teamwork and Leadership Skills for Community Development: Hockey is a quintessential team sport requiring players to collaborate, communicate, and support each other to achieve a common goal. These skills are directly transferable to real-life scenarios, such as group projects in school, community development initiatives (e.g., local sanitation drives, youth empowerment programs), or even cooperative farming efforts in rural areas. Students learn the value of collective effort and leadership from both captain and team members. Career Pathways and Economic Opportunities in the Nigerian Sports Industry: Understanding hockey rules, skills, and officiating roles can open up various career opportunities within Nigeria's burgeoning sports sector. Students could pursue careers as professional players in national leagues, coaches for school or club teams, accredited umpires (both nationally and internationally), sports administrators, or even sports journalists specializing in hockey. This contributes to youth employment and strengthens the local sports economy.