Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - JHS 1
ENERGY
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ENERGY
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Subject: Science
Class: JHS 1
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 5
Grade code: B7.4.1.1.1
Strand code: 4
Sub-strand code: 1
Content standard code: B7.4.1.1
Indicator code: B7.4.1.1.1
Theme: FORCES AND ENERGY
Subtheme: ENERGY
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Energy is what makes things happen—moving, heating, lighting, sounding, and powering machines. In Ghana, we meet energy daily: electricity for lighting and charging phones, LPG/charcoal for cooking, sunlight for drying clothes and solar panels, and fuel for transport. Understanding the forms of energy helps learners explain everyday events and make wise choices about energy use and safety.
2.1 Meaning of Energy Energy is the ability to do work or cause change. Examples of “change”: making an object move, heating water, producing light, making sound, or powering a fan.
> Important idea: Energy can change from one form to another, but it is not “created from nothing” in ordinary situations.
2.2 Forms of Energy (as required by the indicator) Below are the key forms learners must identify, with Ghana-relevant examples. 1) Potential Energy (PE) Potential energy is stored energy due to position or condition. Gravitational potential energy: stored because an object is raised above the ground. Example: A bucket of water lifted onto a stand; a mango on a tree; a stone held up. Elastic potential energy: stored when something is stretched or compressed. Example: A stretched catapult (slingshot), compressed spring.
Formula (gravitational PE): \[ PE = mgh \] Where: \(m\) = mass (kg) \(g\) = gravitational acceleration (≈ \(10 \, m/s^2\) for JHS work) \(h\) = height (m)