Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - JHS 3
Data
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Data
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Subject: Mathematics
Class: JHS 3
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 11
Grade code: B9.4.1.1.2
Strand code: 3
Sub-strand code: 1
Content standard code: B9.4.1.2
Indicator code: B9.4.1.1.2
Theme: GEOMETRY AND MEASUREMENT
Subtheme: Data
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This lesson introduces us to the fundamental tools for making sense of a set of numbers, or 'data'. In our daily lives in Ghana, we are surrounded by data: the scores of the Black Stars in their last 10 matches, the prices of yam at Makola Market, or the test scores of our classmates. Simply looking at a long list of numbers can be confusing. Measures of central tendency help us find a single, 'typical' value that can represent the entire group of numbers. This helps us to summarise, understand, and compare different sets of data easily. We will learn how to find the mean, median, and mode, which are the three most common ways to describe the "centre" of the data.
A. Basic Data Descriptors: Minimum, Maximum, and Range
Before we find the 'centre', let's understand the boundaries of our data. Data: A collection of information, usually in the form of numbers. For example, `{12, 15, 11, 18, 15}` could be the ages of five cousins. Minimum: The smallest value in a data set. Maximum: The largest value in a data set. Range: The difference between the maximum and minimum values. It tells us how spread out the data is. Range = Maximum Value - Minimum Value