Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - JHS 3
HUMAN HEALTH
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HUMAN HEALTH
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Subject: Science
Class: JHS 3
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 7
Grade code: B9.5.2.2.1
Strand code: 5
Sub-strand code: 2
Content standard code: B9.5.2.2
Indicator code: B9.5.2.2.1
Theme: HUMANS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Subtheme: HUMAN HEALTH
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Human health affects how we learn, work, play, and live in our homes and communities. In Ghana, issues like malaria, diarrhoea, typhoid, poor nutrition, stress, and accidents can reduce school attendance and family income. Understanding what health and disease mean helps learners make good choices (hygiene, diet, rest, exercise, safe water) and also understand why hospitals, immunisation, sanitation, and clean environments are important. Alignment to NaCCA Indicator (B9.5.2.2.1): This lesson focuses on explaining the concepts of health and disease and showing the relationship between them, using the WHO definition of health.
A. Meaning of Health (WHO Definition) World Health Organisation (WHO) definition of health: > Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Breaking it down (step-by-step) Physical well-being: The body is functioning well. Examples: strong immunity, normal body temperature, good appetite, ability to do daily activities, no persistent pain. Mental well-being: The mind and emotions are stable. Examples: able to concentrate in class, manage stress, sleep well, not constantly anxious or depressed. Social well-being: Good relationships and ability to interact positively. Examples: can cooperate with classmates, communicate well, feels accepted, avoids harmful peer pressure.
Important point: A person can be free from a diagnosed disease but still not be fully healthy (e.g., severe stress, loneliness, drug abuse, malnutrition).
B. Meaning of Disease Disease is a condition that disturbs the normal functioning of the body or mind, producing signs and symptoms. Signs: What others can observe or measure (e.g., fever, rash, swollen eyes). Symptoms: What the person feels (e.g., headache, pain, nausea, dizziness). Examples of diseases common in Ghana Infectious (communicable): malaria, cholera, typhoid fever, tuberculosis (TB), measles. Non-infectious (non-communicable): hypertension, diabetes, asthma, sickle cell disease. Deficiency-related: anaemia (iron deficiency), rickets (vitamin D deficiency), goitre (iodine deficiency).
C. Health vs Disease (Clear Comparison) | Aspect | Health | Disease | |---|---|---| | Meaning | Well-being of body, mind, and social life | Abnormal condition that disrupts normal function | | Body function | Normal functioning | Impaired functioning | | Energy/ability | Can perform daily tasks well | Weakness, fatigue, reduced ability | | Signs/symptoms | Generally absent | Present (fever, pain, diarrhoea, etc.) | | Outcome | Productivity, good learning | Poor learning, absenteeism, possible disability/death |