Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - KG 1

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• Recognize and name numbers from 1 to 10.
• Count objects up to 10.
• Match numbers with groups of objects.
• Find one more and one less than a number.
• Use counting in real-life situations.

Lesson summary

This lesson introduces learners to the foundational skill of counting objects up to the number 6. Counting is a vital part of our daily lives in Ghana. We count money to buy kenkey, we count the number of players in a game of ampe, and we count our storybooks. By learning to count correctly, children build the essential foundation for all future mathematics, helping them make sense of the world around them. This lesson will be hands-on, using familiar objects, songs, and games to make learning fun and meaningful.

Lesson notes

This lesson focuses on three big ideas about numbers:

Concept 1: One-to-One Correspondence (The "Touch and Count" Rule) Explanation: This is the most important rule of counting. It means we say only one number for each single object we count. We don't skip any objects, and we don't count any object more than once. We can make sure we do this by pointing to or touching each object as we say its number. Teacher Demonstration: Place 4 bottle caps on a table. Say to the children, "Watch me count. I will touch each bottle cap and say a number." Slowly touch the first cap and say, "One." Touch the second cap and say, "Two." Touch the third cap and say, "Three." Touch the fourth cap and say, "Four." Emphasise: "I touched each one only once. I said one number for each one."

Concept 2: Cardinality (The "Last Number is the Boss" Rule) Explanation: The last number we say when we finish counting a group tells us the total number of items in that group. It's the "boss" number because it tells us "how many" there are altogether. Teacher Demonstration (Continuing from above): After counting the 4 bottle caps, sweep your hand over the whole group. Say, "I counted one, two, three, four. The last number I said was four. So, there are four bottle caps in this group. Four is the boss!" Repeat with a group of 3 leaves: "One, two, three. The last number is three, so there are three leaves here."

Concept 3: Numeral Recognition (Knowing the Number Symbols) Explanation: Numbers can be written down. These written numbers are called numerals. We need to learn what each numeral looks like and what it means. Teacher Demonstration: Hold up large, clear flashcards for numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 one by one. For each card, say the number name clearly: "This is the number one." "This is the number two." Connect the numeral to a quantity. Hold up the '5' card and say, "This is the number five. It means we have this many." Then, count out 5 fingers for the children to see. "One, two, three, four, five. Five fingers, and this is the number five."