Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - KG 2

Lesson Video

This page supports the lesson note with a companion video and a short classroom-ready summary.

For class groups and homework, share this lesson page so learners also get the summary, objectives, and full lesson context.

Performance objectives

• Explain addition and subtraction using objects.
• Add and subtract with numbers up to 20.
• Solve simple story problems.
• Use fingers or counters to solve problems.

Lesson summary

This lesson focuses on helping our young learners understand the value of numbers by comparing and arranging them. In our daily lives in Ghana, we are always comparing things. We compare the price of kenkey at the market, the number of players on two football teams, or the number of crayons in our boxes. By learning to tell which number is bigger or smaller and how to put numbers in order, children build a strong foundation for all future maths, like adding, subtracting, and even handling money. This skill helps them make sense of the world around them.

Lesson notes

Concept 1: Comparing Numbers ("More Than" and "Less Than")

Comparing numbers means looking at two or more numbers to see which one has a greater value (is bigger) or a smaller value (is less). For young children, we start with concrete objects.

Explanation: "More than" / "Bigger than": When we compare two groups of items, the group with more items has a bigger number. For example, a group of 8 stones has *more* than a group of 5 stones. So, the number 8 is *bigger than* the number 5. "Less than" / "Smaller than": The group with fewer items has a smaller number. The group of 5 stones has *less than* the group of 8 stones. So, the number 5 is *smaller than* the number 8.

A very helpful way to remember this is the "Hungry Crocodile" story. The crocodile is very hungry and *always* wants to eat the bigger number! Its mouth opens wide towards the bigger meal.