Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - SHS 1
SCIENCE AND MATERIALS IN NATURE
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SCIENCE AND MATERIALS IN NATURE
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Subject: General Science
Class: SHS 1
Term: 1st Term
Week: 11
Grade code: 2.1.1.LI.3
Strand code: 1
Sub-strand code: 1
Content standard code: 2.1.1.CS.1
Indicator code: 2.1.1.LI.3
Theme: EXPLORING MATERIALS
Subtheme: SCIENCE AND MATERIALS IN NATURE
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Welcome, students! Today, we are exploring a fundamental concept in science that we encounter every day without even thinking about it: concentration. Have you ever made *sobolo* or fruit juice and thought it was "too sweet" or "not sweet enough"? What you were actually describing was its concentration. In science, we need a more precise way to measure this. We will learn how to calculate the concentration of solutions, a skill vital in medicine, farming, and industry.
This lesson is divided into two main parts: Concentration of Solutions and The pH Scale. Part A: Concentration of Solutions Basic Definitions Solute: The substance that is dissolved. (e.g., salt, sugar, Milo powder) Solvent: The substance that does the dissolving. The most common solvent is water. (e.g., water, ethanol) Solution: A uniform mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent. (e.g., salt water, sugar solution)
*Analogy:* When you make a salt solution to preserve fish, the salt is the solute, the water is the solvent, and the resulting salty water is the solution. What is Concentration?
Concentration is a measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a specific amount of solvent or solution. A concentrated solution has a large amount of solute in a small amount of solvent (e.g., very sweet *sobolo*). A dilute solution has a small amount of solute in a large amount of solvent (e.g., weak, watery tea).
In science, we need to be more precise. The most common way we measure concentration is Molar Concentration or Molarity (M). Molar Concentration (Molarity)