Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - SHS 1
AGRICULTURAL MACHINERIES
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AGRICULTURAL MACHINERIES
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Subject: Agricultural Science
Class: SHS 1
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 8
Grade code: 2.1.3.LI.2
Strand code: 1
Sub-strand code: 3
Content standard code: 2.1.3.CS.1
Indicator code: 2.1.3.LI.2
Theme: NEW DAWN AGRICULTURE
Subtheme: AGRICULTURAL MACHINERIES
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In Ghana, our agriculture has traditionally depended heavily on the seasonal rains. When the rains fail or are delayed, our farms suffer, leading to poor yields and food shortages. However, modern agriculture offers a solution: Irrigation. Irrigation is the artificial application of water to land to assist in the growing of crops. It allows us to farm all year round, a practice known as "dry season farming," which boosts food security and provides income for farmers.
A. What is Irrigation?
Irrigation is the controlled, artificial application of water to crops to supplement rainfall. It is more than just watering; it is about supplying the *right amount* of water at the *right time* to ensure optimal plant growth.
Importance in Ghana: Overcoming Unreliable Rainfall: Ghana's rainfall patterns can be unpredictable. Irrigation provides a reliable water source. All-Year-Round Farming: It makes dry-season farming possible, especially for high-value vegetable crops like tomatoes, peppers, and onions in regions like the Upper East (e.g., Tono and Vea irrigation projects). Increased Crop Yield: Proper water supply directly leads to healthier plants and significantly higher harvests. Food Security: Consistent food production throughout the year helps to stabilise food prices and ensure food is available for our population. B. Modern Irrigation Systems
We will focus on two of the most common and efficient modern systems used in Ghana and around the world: Drip Irrigation and Sprinkler Irrigation. i. Drip Irrigation (or Trickle Irrigation)