Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - SHS 2
ENGINEERING IN SOCIETY
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ENGINEERING IN SOCIETY
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Subject: Engineering
Class: SHS 2
Term: 1st Term
Week: 4
Grade code: 2.1.1.LI.2
Strand code: 1
Sub-strand code: 1
Content standard code: 2.1.1.CS.1
Indicator code: 2.1.1.LI.2
Theme: ENGINEERING PRACTICE
Subtheme: ENGINEERING IN SOCIETY
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Engineers are problem-solvers. From the constant power fluctuations ("dumsor") we sometimes face, to the flooding in our cities after a heavy downpour, or even the challenge of storing farm produce like tomatoes to prevent spoilage, engineers are needed to find lasting solutions. However, they don't just guess. They use a structured, step-by-step method to understand the problem deeply and develop effective solutions. This method is called Systematic Investigation. In this lesson, we will learn this powerful process that is at the heart of all engineering work. Understanding this process will help you think like an engineer and solve problems effectively in any field you choose.
(Teacher's Note: Begin this section with a moderated discussion as suggested by the NaCCA exemplar. Ask the class: *"If I gave you the problem of 'Our school's WIFI is very slow', how would you go about trying to fix it? What would be your first step? Your second? Let's list your ideas on the board."* Guide them to suggest ideas like 'find out why it's slow', 'test different locations', 'ask the IT person', 'try a new router', etc. Then, introduce the formal steps below to structure and refine their intuitive ideas.) What is Systematic Investigation?
Systematic investigation is a logical, organised, and step-by-step process used by engineers and scientists to study a problem, understand its causes, and find a reliable solution. It is "systematic" because the steps follow a fixed, logical order. You cannot jump from identifying a problem to announcing a solution without testing. This process ensures that solutions are based on evidence and data, not just guesswork.
The process can be broken down into six main steps:
The Six Steps of Systematic Investigation Define the Problem: Clearly and specifically state the problem you are trying to solve. Gather Information (Background Research): Collect data and research what is already known about the problem. Formulate a Hypothesis (Propose a Solution): Make an educated guess about the cause of the problem or propose a potential solution to test. 4e. Design & Conduct an Experiment (Test the Solution): Plan and carry out a test to see if your hypothesis is correct or if your proposed solution works. Analyse Data & Draw Conclusions: Examine the results of your experiment and decide what they mean. Communicate Results (Recommend Action): Share your findings with others and suggest the next steps.