Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - SHS 2
MODERN TECHNICAL AGRICULTURE
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MODERN TECHNICAL AGRICULTURE
Download the Lessonotes Mobile Ghana app for faster lesson access on Android and iPhone.
Subject: Agriculture
Class: SHS 2
Term: 1st Term
Week: 7
Grade code: 2.2.1.LI.2
Strand code: 2
Sub-strand code: 1
Content standard code: 2.2.1.CS.1
Indicator code: 2.2.1.LI.2
Theme: MODERN TECHNICAL AND MECHANISED AGRICULTURE
Subtheme: MODERN TECHNICAL AGRICULTURE
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In Ghana, land is our most valuable agricultural resource. To use it effectively, avoid disputes, and plan for modern farming like irrigation or large-scale crop production, we must be able to measure and map it accurately. This lesson introduces the essential tools, known as survey and mapping instruments, that allow farmers, agricultural engineers, and land planners to understand the size, shape, and features of a piece of land. Understanding these tools is the first step towards moving from subsistence farming to planned, commercial, and sustainable agriculture.
A. What is Agricultural Surveying and Mapping?
Agricultural Surveying is the scientific process of measuring and determining the dimensions, boundaries, and features of a piece of farmland. It involves measuring horizontal distances, vertical heights (elevations), and angles to gather data about the land.
Mapping is the process of using the data gathered from surveying to create a drawing or representation of the farmland. This map, often called a site plan or topographic map, shows the boundaries, size, slope, and important features like streams, buildings, or large trees.
Why is it crucial for a modern farmer? Farm Planning: To decide the best layout for crops, buildings (e.g., poultry house, storage barn), and roads. Boundary Demarcation: To clearly establish farm boundaries, preventing land disputes with neighbours, which are common in many Ghanaian communities. Irrigation and Drainage: To design systems that use gravity effectively, ensuring water flows to all parts of the farm and excess water drains away to prevent waterlogging. Land Acquisition and Titling: To get official documents for the land from the Lands Commission. Banks require a site plan before giving loans for agricultural projects. Soil Conservation: To plan erosion control structures like terraces and contour bunds on slopy land. B. Key Survey and Mapping Instruments and Their Uses