Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - SHS 2
TOOLS AND MACHINES IN WOODWORK INDUSTRY
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TOOLS AND MACHINES IN WOODWORK INDUSTRY
Download the Lessonotes Mobile Ghana app for faster lesson access on Android and iPhone.
Subject: Applied Technology
Class: SHS 2
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 7
Grade code: 2.4.1.LI.4
Strand code: 4
Sub-strand code: 1
Content standard code: 2.4.1.CS.1
Indicator code: 2.4.1.LI.4
Theme: WOOD TECHNOLOGY
Subtheme: TOOLS AND MACHINES IN WOODWORK INDUSTRY
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In Ghana, from the local carpenter in Kokompe making furniture to the skilled artisan in Aburi carving beautiful crafts, woodwork is a vital part of our economy and culture. The quality of their work, their safety, and their success depend heavily on one thing: the condition of their tools and machines. A dull chisel, a rusty saw, or a poorly maintained planing machine not only produces poor work but can be very dangerous. This lesson focuses on the essential skills of caring for and maintaining the tools of the trade. Mastering this will make you a safer, more efficient, and more professional woodworker.
This topic is divided into two main areas: care for hand tools and care for machines. Proper maintenance is not just about cleaning; it is about ensuring Safety, Longevity, Accuracy, and Cost-Effectiveness. Part A: Care and Maintenance of Hand Tools
Hand tools are the foundation of woodwork. Caring for them properly is a sign of a true craftsman.
General Rules for Hand Tool Care: Use the Right Tool for the Job: Never use a chisel as a screwdriver or a file as a hammer. This damages the tool and can cause accidents. Keep Them Clean: Wipe tools clean of dust, resin, and shavings after every use. A simple rag is often sufficient. Keep Them Sharp: A sharp tool is safer and more efficient than a dull one. Dull tools require more force, which can lead to slips and injuries. Saws, chisels, and plane blades must be sharpened regularly. Prevent Rust: Ghana's humid climate makes metal tools prone to rust. After cleaning, apply a thin coat of light machine oil (e.g., 3-in-1 oil) to all metal surfaces before storage. Store Properly: Tools should be stored in a dry place. Cutting edges should be protected. Store chisels in a rack, hang saws, and keep planes on their side to protect the blade. Avoid piling tools on top of each other in a drawer. Inspect Regularly: Before using any tool, check it. Look for loose handles on hammers, cracks in wooden parts, or mushroomed heads on chisels. Repair or replace damaged tools immediately.
Specific Care by Tool Category: Paring and Shaving/Cutting Tools (e.g., Chisels, Hand Planes, Hand Saws) Main Concern: Sharpness and rust. Care: Chisels & Planes: The cutting edge (bevel) must be kept sharp using an oilstone or whetstone. After sharpening, wipe with an oily rag. Store with a plastic cap over the tip or in a dedicated rack. Never drop them. Hand Saws: Clean the teeth with a stiff brush to remove resin. Wipe the blade with an oily rag to prevent rust. Store by hanging on a wall rack. If teeth are dull, they need to be professionally set and sharpened. Boring Tools (e.g., Brace and Bit, Hand Drill) Main Concern: Rust and sharpness of bits. Care: Keep the drill bits in their original case or a dedicated holder to protect their cutting edges. Wipe bits with an oily cloth after use. Occasionally lubricate the chuck mechanism of the brace or hand drill to ensure it grips the bit tightly. Impelling and Driving Tools (e.g., Hammers, Mallets) Main Concern: Handle security and face condition. Care: Hammers: The head must be securely fixed to the handle. If it's loose, re-secure it with a metal or wooden wedge. The striking face should be clean and free of chips. Never strike hardened steel with another hammer. Mallets (Wooden): Check the handle for cracks. The wooden head can wear over time; sand it smooth if it becomes rough. Store in a dry place to prevent the wood from cracking. Holding and Supporting Tools (e.g., Bench Vice, G-Clamps) Main Concern: Clean threads and lubrication. Care: Keep the screw threads of vices and clamps clean from sawdust and glue. Use a wire brush for cleaning. Apply a small amount of grease or heavy oil to the threads periodically to ensure smooth operation. Do not over-tighten clamps, as this can bend the frame.