Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - SHS 3
Organic Functional groups
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Organic Functional groups
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Subject: Chemistry
Class: SHS 3
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 12
Grade code: 1.3.2.LI.2
Strand code: 3
Sub-strand code: 2
Content standard code: 1.3.2.CS.1
Indicator code: 1.3.2.LI.2
Theme: CHEMISTRY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS
Subtheme: Organic Functional groups
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Welcome, students! Today, we delve into a fundamental concept that brings order to the vast world of organic chemistry. Think about the fuel we use in our homes and cars – LPG (propane and butane), petrol, and 'kɛinkɛi' (kerosene). Or the drinks some adults consume, like palm wine and akpeteshie, which contain ethanol. All these substances belong to specific chemical "families." By understanding these families, called homologous series, we can predict their behaviour and understand their uses. This lesson will provide us with the tools to classify and understand millions of organic compounds in a simple, systematic way.
(Teacher's Note: This section is designed to be delivered using an inductive, inquiry-based approach as suggested by the NaCCA exemplar. We will start with examples and guide students to "discover" the definition and properties.) Part 1: Discovering a Pattern - The Alkane Family
Let's look at a group of organic compounds you are already familiar with: the alkanes. They are the main components of petroleum and natural gas.
Consider the first four members:
| Name | Molecular Formula | Full Structural Formula | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Methane | CH₄ | | | Ethane | C₂H₆ | | | Propane | C₃H₈ | | | Butane | C₄H₁₀| |