Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v4 - SHS 3
APPLICATIONS OF ELECTRONICS
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APPLICATIONS OF ELECTRONICS
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Subject: Physics
Class: SHS 3
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 16
Grade code: 3.3.4.LI.2
Strand code: 3
Sub-strand code: 4
Content standard code: 3.3.4.CS.3
Indicator code: 3.3.4.LI.2
Theme: ELECTRIC FIELD, MAGNETIC FIELD AND ELECTRONICS
Subtheme: APPLICATIONS OF ELECTRONICS
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In our daily lives in Ghana, from Accra to Bolgatanga, we rely heavily on rechargeable devices. Our mobile phones, rechargeable lamps for when the "light goes off" (dumsor), laptops, and even some power tools all need their batteries to be charged. But have you ever wondered what is happening inside that small black box you plug into the wall? How does it take the powerful 240 Volts AC from the ECG socket and safely convert it into the gentle 5 Volts DC your phone needs? This lesson will demystify the battery charger. We will learn the fundamental physics principles that allow us to design a simple, functional battery charger.
The journey of electricity from the wall socket to a battery involves four crucial steps. A simple battery charger is essentially a linear DC power supply. Let's break down its design stage by stage. Overall Block Diagram
A simple and effective way to understand the design is through a block diagram:
This diagram shows the four essential processes: Transformation (Stepping Down the Voltage) Rectification (Converting AC to DC) Smoothing (Filtering the DC) Regulation (Stabilising the Voltage)
Let's explore each stage in detail.