Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 1

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• This week, we will explore the exciting relationship between addition and subtraction. Learners will discover that these two operations are not separate ideas but are 'opposites' or 'inverse operations' – they undo each other! This is a foundational concept in mathematics that builds problem-solving skills. By understanding this relationship, learners can check their answers and develop a deeper, more flexible understanding of numbers.
• In South Africa, this skill is used every day. When we buy snacks at the spaza shop with a R10 coin and get change, we use subtraction and addition. When we share a packet of NikNaks with friends, we are also using these skills. This lesson helps learners see the maths in their daily lives, from playing games with marbles (dop-ollies) to sharing food with family.
• Learning Objectives (CAPS Aligned):
• By the end of this week, learners will be able to:
• Demonstrate the inverse relationship between addition and subtraction within 10 using objects and number sentences.

Lesson summary

This week, we will explore the exciting relationship between addition and subtraction. Learners will discover that these two operations are not separate ideas but are 'opposites' or 'inverse operations' – they undo each other! This is a foundational concept in mathematics that builds problem-solving skills. By understanding this relationship, learners can check their answers and develop a deeper, more flexible understanding of numbers. In South Africa, this skill is used every day. When we buy snacks at the spaza shop with a R10 coin and get change, we use subtraction and addition. When we share a packet of NikNaks with friends, we are also using these skills.

Lesson notes

What are Inverse Operations? Think of 'inverse' as meaning 'opposite'. Putting on your shoes is the opposite of taking them off. Opening a door is the opposite of closing it. In maths, addition and subtraction are opposites. Addition combines groups to make a bigger group (a 'whole'). Subtraction takes away from the whole to find a missing part. They undo each other.

Example: If you have 4 mangoes and you get 2 more, you add: 4 + 2 = 6 mangoes. If you have 6 mangoes and you give 2 away, you subtract: 6 - 2 = 4 mangoes. See how subtracting 2 'undid' the adding of 2? You are back where you started. Understanding Number Families (Fact Families) A number family is a group of three numbers that are related to each other. With these three numbers, we can make two addition facts and two subtraction facts. Let's use the numbers 4, 5, and

9. The two smaller numbers are the parts (4 and 5). The biggest number is the whole (9).

Step 1: Addition Facts To add, we always put the parts together to make the whole. `4 + 5 = 9` `5 + 4 = 9` (The order doesn't matter when we add!)

Step 2: Subtraction Facts To subtract, we ALWAYS start with the biggest number (the whole) and take away one of the parts. `9 - 5 = 4` `9 - 4 = 5` So, the number family for 4, 5, and 9 is: `4 + 5 = 9` `5 + 4 = 9` `9 - 5 = 4` `9 - 4 = 5` This is a powerful tool because if a learner knows one fact, they can figure out the other three!