Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 1

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• Add numbers with a total up to 10.
• Subtract numbers from 10 or less.
• Solve simple word problems.
• Use the plus (+) and minus (-) signs.
• Understand how adding and subtracting are related.

Lesson summary

In Week 6, we will continue exploring addition and subtraction, but this week we're focusing specifically on working with numbers within

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0. This means we’ll be adding and subtracting numbers where the answer is always 10 or less. Understanding addition and subtraction within 10 is like learning the alphabet of mathematics! It’s the foundation for all the more complex math you'll learn later. Imagine you're at the tuck shop buying sweets, or sharing toys with your friends – you're already using addition and subtraction! Being able to quickly and accurately add and subtract within 10 helps you solve problems in everyday situations and builds confidence in your math skills.

Lesson notes

Addition: Putting Things Together Addition is when we put two or more groups of things together to find out how many there are in total. The symbol we use for addition is "+". The answer we get when we add is called the sum or the total.

Example 1: Using Objects Imagine you have 2 mangoes in one basket and your friend gives you 3 more mangoes. How many mangoes do you have now?

We can represent this with objects: Mangoes in your basket: 🥭🥭 Mangoes your friend gives you: 🥭🥭🥭 Now, let's count all the mangoes: 🥭🥭🥭🥭🥭. You have 5 mangoes!

We can write this as a number sentence: 2 + 3 = 5 Example 2: Using a Number Line A number line is a straight line with numbers on it. We can use it to add. Let's add 4 +

2. Start at the number 4 on the number line. Move 2 places to the right (because we are adding). [Imagine a number line here from 0 to

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0. Starting at 4, jump two spaces right to 6] You end up at

6. So, 4 + 2 = 6 Example 3: Using Fingers You can also use your fingers to add! If you want to add 3 + 4: Hold up 3 fingers on one hand. Hold up 4 fingers on the other hand. Count all the fingers you are holding up. You have 7 fingers! So, 3 + 4 = 7 Subtraction: Taking Away Subtraction is when we take away a number of things from a group to find out how many are left. The symbol we use for subtraction is "-". The answer we get when we subtract is called the difference.

Example 1: Using Objects You have 7 apples and you give 2 apples to your little brother. How many apples do you have left?

We can represent this with objects: Apples you have: 🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎 Apples you give away: 🍎🍎 Let's cross out the apples you gave away: 🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎 🍎🍎 . You have 5 apples left!

We can write this as a number sentence: 7 - 2 = 5 Example 2: Using a Number Line Let's subtract 6 - 3 using a number line. Start at the number 6 on the number line. Move 3 places to the left (because we are subtracting). [Imagine a number line here from 0 to

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0. Starting at 6, jump three spaces left to 3] You end up at

3. So, 6 - 3 = 3 Example 3: Using Fingers You can also use your fingers to subtract!

If you want to subtract 8 - 5: Hold up 8 fingers. Put down 5 fingers. Count the fingers that are still up. You have 3 fingers up! So, 8 - 5 = 3 Relationship Between Addition and Subtraction Addition and subtraction are like opposites! If we know that 3 + 4 = 7, we also know that 7 - 4 = 3 and 7 - 3 =

4. They are related facts.

For instance: If 5 + 2 = 7, then 7 - 2 = 5 and 7 - 5 =

2. This helps us to check our answers. If you add 2 + 6 = 8, then you can check that 8 – 6 =

2. Guided Practice (With Solutions)

Question 1: Thando has 4 marbles, and Sipho gives him 3 more. How many marbles does Thando have in total?

Solution: Understanding the Problem: We need to find the total number of marbles Thando has after Sipho gives him more. This is an addition problem.

Number Sentence: 4 + 3 = ?

Solving: We can use our fingers, draw pictures, or count on from 4. 4…5, 6,

7. Answer: Thando has 7 marbles. (4 + 3 = 7)

Question 2: Aisha had 9 sweets, and she ate 4 of them. How many sweets does Aisha have left?

Solution: Understanding the Problem: We need to find the number of sweets Aisha has after she ate some. This is a subtraction problem.

Number Sentence: 9 - 4 = ?

Solving: We can use our fingers, draw pictures and cross out, or count backwards from 9. 9…8, 7, 6,

5. Answer: Aisha has 5 sweets left. (9 - 4 = 5)

Question 3: Jabu picked 6 flowers, and his sister picked 2 flowers. How many flowers did they pick altogether?

Solution: Understanding the Problem: We need to find the total number of flowers picked by Jabu and his sister. This is an addition problem.

Number Sentence: 6 + 2 = ?

Solving: We can use a number line, count on from 6 or visualize the problem.

Answer: They picked 8 flowers altogether. (6 + 2 = 8)

Question 4: There were 8 birds sitting on a tree branch. 3 birds flew away. How many birds are left on the branch?

Solution: Understanding the Problem: We need to find how many birds remain after some flew away. This is a subtraction problem.

Number Sentence: 8 - 3 = ?

Solving: We can use our fingers, visualise or count back from

8. Answer: There are 5 birds left on the branch. (8 - 3 = 5) Independent Practice (Questions Only) Nomusa has 5 crayons, and her friend gives her 4 more. How many crayons does Nomusa have now? Ben has 10 stickers. He gives 3 stickers to his brother. How many stickers does Ben have left? There are 7 children playing in the park. 2 more children join them. How many children are playing in the park now? Sarah baked 9 cupcakes. She ate 2 of them. How many cupcakes are left? John has 3 toy cars, and Peter has 5 toy cars. How many toy cars do they have altogether? Lisa had 6 balloons. 1 balloon popped. How many balloons does Lisa have left? Mom bought 4 apples and Dad bought 4 pears. How many fruits do they have in total? Grandpa has 8 chickens and 2 ducks. How many birds does grandpa have in total? Sipho wants to buy a lollipop for R3 and a chocolate for R4.