Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 1

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• Solve addition problems up to 34.
• Solve subtraction problems up to 34.
• Use addition and subtraction for word problems.
• Understand how addition and subtraction are related.
• Use strategies like counting on and counting back.

Lesson summary

This week, we delve deeper into working with numbers from 0 to 34, focusing on solving problems that involve adding and subtracting within this range. Understanding these operations is crucial for everyday life in South Africa. Imagine buying sweets at the corner shop (spaza shop) or sharing oranges with your friends – these situations all require basic addition and subtraction skills. Being confident with numbers helps us make smart choices and solve problems we encounter daily. We will be using objects like counters, bottle tops, and even drawings to help understand these concepts better.

Lesson notes

This week we focus on addition and subtraction within the number range of 0-

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4. Remember, addition means putting things together to find a total, while subtraction means taking things away to find what's left.

Addition: Concept: Combining two or more quantities to find a total.

Symbols: The plus sign (+) means "add". The equals sign (=) means "is the same as".

Strategies: Counting on:* Start with one number and count up by the value of the other number.

Using concrete objects:* Use bottle tops, counters, or drawings to represent the numbers and physically combine them.

Example 1: Lerato has 12 marbles, and Thabo gives her 5 more. How many marbles does Lerato have in total?

We need to add 12 and 5: 12 + 5 = ?

Counting on:* Start at 12 and count on 5 more: 13, 14, 15, 16,

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7. Therefore, Lerato has 17 marbles.

Example 2: There are 15 red flowers and 8 yellow flowers in a garden. How many flowers are there altogether?

We need to add 15 and 8: 15 + 8 = ?

Using concrete objects:* Represent 15 with 15 bottle tops and 8 with 8 bottle tops.

Combine them and count the total: 23 bottle tops.

Therefore, there are 23 flowers altogether.

Why it matters: Understanding addition is essential for tasks like calculating the total cost of groceries at the store or figuring out how many children are present in a classroom when new children join.

Subtraction: Concept: Taking away a quantity from another quantity to find the difference or what is left.

Symbols: The minus sign (-) means "subtract". The equals sign (=) means "is the same as".

Strategies: Counting back:* Start with one number and count down by the value of the other number.

Using concrete objects:* Use bottle tops, counters, or drawings to represent the numbers and physically remove the subtracted amount.

Example 1: Sipho has 25 sweets and eats 7 of them. How many sweets does Sipho have left?

We need to subtract 7 from 25: 25 - 7 = ?

Counting back:* Start at 25 and count back 7: 24, 23, 22, 21, 20, 19,

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8. Therefore, Sipho has 18 sweets left.

Example 2: A farmer has 32 oranges and sells 14 of them at the market. How many oranges does the farmer have left?

We need to subtract 14 from 32: 32 - 14 = ?

Using concrete objects:* Represent 32 with 32 counters. Remove 14 counters and count the remaining counters: 18 counters.

Therefore, the farmer has 18 oranges left.

Why it matters: Subtraction is important for figuring out how much change you'll receive when buying something or calculating how many apples are left in a basket after someone eats some. Relationship between Addition and Subtraction: Addition and subtraction are inverse operations. This means that one "undoes" the other. If you know that 10 + 5 = 15, then you also know that 15 - 5 = 10 and 15 - 10 =

5. Understanding this relationship helps check your work and reinforces number sense. Guided Practice (With Solutions)

Question 1: Zanele has 18 beads, and she finds 6 more. How many beads does she have now?

Solution: This is an addition problem because we need to find the total number of beads.

We need to add 18 and 6: 18 + 6 = ?

Strategy: Counting on Start at 18 and count on 6 more: 19, 20, 21, 22, 23,

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4. Answer: Zanele has 24 beads.

Question 2: Musa had 28 crayons, but he lost 9 of them. How many crayons does Musa have left?

Solution: This is a subtraction problem because we need to find what is left after some crayons are lost.

We need to subtract 9 from 28: 28 - 9 = ?

Strategy: Counting back Start at 28 and count back 9: 27, 26, 25, 24, 23, 22, 21, 20, 19 Answer: Musa has 19 crayons left.

Question 3: Fatima baked 15 cookies, and her brother ate 4 of them. Then, she baked 7 more. How many cookies does Fatima have now?

Solution: This problem involves both subtraction and addition. First, subtract the cookies her brother ate: 15 - 4 =

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1. Then, add the cookies she baked: 11 + 7 = ?

Strategy: Counting on Start at 11 and count on 7: 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,

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8. Answer: Fatima has 18 cookies now.

Question 4: There are 21 children playing in the park. 8 children go home. How many children are left playing in the park?

Solution: This is a subtraction problem.

We need to subtract 8 from 21: 21 - 8 = ?

Strategy: Counting back Start at 21 and count back 8: 20, 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14,

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3. Answer: There are 13 children left playing in the park. Independent Practice (Questions Only) John has 16 apples and Mary has 9 apples. How many apples do they have in total? Sarah had 30 rand and spent 12 rand on a toy car. How much money does she have left? A farmer planted 23 seeds, but only 15 of them grew. How many seeds did not grow? There are 14 chickens in the yard. 7 more chickens arrive. How many chickens are there altogether? Lisa has 26 stickers. She gives 8 stickers to her friend. How many stickers does Lisa have left? Peter collected 19 stones on Monday and 6 stones on Tuesday. How many stones did he collect in total? A baker made 34 cupcakes. He sold 18 cupcakes. How many cupcakes are left?