Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 9

Lesson Video

This page supports the lesson note with a companion video and a short classroom-ready summary.

For class groups and homework, share this lesson page so learners also get the summary, objectives, and full lesson context.

Performance objectives

• Define 'sustainable enterprise' and 'environmental responsibility'.
• Identify ways a business can reduce its environmental impact.
• Explain how being eco-friendly can boost a business's profit.
• Analyze a South African case study.
• Generate a sustainable business idea.

Lesson summary

In Grade 9 EMS, we're focusing on Entrepreneurship. This week, we delve into a crucial aspect: sustainable enterprises and environmental responsibility. This isn't just about starting a business; it's about starting a responsible business. South Africa faces unique environmental challenges, from water scarcity to pollution. As future entrepreneurs, you have the power to create businesses that are not only profitable but also contribute to a healthier environment and a more sustainable future for all South Africans. Imagine creating a business that cleans up your community, provides jobs, and makes money – that's the power of sustainable entrepreneurship!

Lesson notes

Sustainable Enterprise: A sustainable enterprise is a business that operates in a way that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This involves considering the environmental, social, and economic impacts of the business. It's about the "triple bottom line": People, Planet, and Profit. In South Africa, a sustainable enterprise might focus on creating jobs in underserved communities while also conserving water resources.

Environmental Responsibility: This refers to a business's commitment to minimizing its negative impact on the environment. This includes reducing pollution, conserving resources (water, energy, materials), and promoting biodiversity. For example, using recycled materials in packaging, reducing carbon emissions from transportation, or properly disposing of waste are all aspects of environmental responsibility. In South Africa, given our reliance on coal-fired power plants, energy efficiency is a crucial aspect of environmental responsibility for businesses. Why is Environmental Responsibility Important for Businesses?

Enhanced Reputation: Consumers are increasingly aware of environmental issues and are more likely to support businesses that are environmentally responsible. A positive reputation attracts customers and investors. Think about brands like Woolworths that market their sustainable sourcing practices. This resonates with many South African consumers.

Cost Savings: Implementing environmentally friendly practices often leads to cost savings. For example, reducing energy consumption lowers electricity bills, and using recycled materials can be cheaper than buying new materials.

Compliance with Regulations: Governments are increasingly introducing environmental regulations. Businesses that are proactive in adopting environmentally responsible practices are better prepared to comply with these regulations and avoid penalties. The National Environmental Management Act (NEMA) in South Africa is a key piece of legislation.

Attracting and Retaining Employees: Many employees want to work for businesses that align with their values, including environmental responsibility.

Access to Funding and Investment: Many investors are now prioritizing investments in sustainable businesses. Examples of Sustainable Practices for Businesses: Energy Efficiency: Using energy-efficient lighting, appliances, and equipment. Installing solar panels.

Water Conservation: Reducing water usage in production processes. Implementing water recycling systems.

Waste Reduction and Recycling: Reducing waste generation through efficient production processes. Implementing comprehensive recycling programs. Using recycled materials in packaging and products.

Sustainable Sourcing: Using raw materials that are sustainably sourced, such as timber from sustainably managed forests or agricultural products grown using environmentally friendly methods.

Reducing Carbon Footprint: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from transportation and operations. Offsetting carbon emissions through carbon offsetting programs.

Ethical Labor Practices: Ensuring fair wages and safe working conditions for employees. This aligns with the "People" aspect of the triple bottom line.

Worked example

Example 1: Water Conservation in a Car Wash Business: A car wash in Cape Town is facing increasing water restrictions. They implement a water recycling system that captures and reuses 80% of the water used in washing cars. This reduces their water consumption significantly, lowering their water bills and improving their public image. The cost of the recycling system is R50,000, but it saves them R20,000 per year in water costs. The payback period is 2.5 years (R50,000 / R20,000 = 2.5). They also market their water-saving practices to attract environmentally conscious customers.

Example 2: Recycling in a Printing Business: A printing business in Johannesburg generates a lot of paper waste. They implement a comprehensive recycling program where all paper waste is collected and sent to a recycling plant. This reduces their waste disposal costs and generates revenue from the sale of recycled paper. They also purchase paper made from recycled materials, further reducing their environmental impact. They also advertise their use of recycled paper to attract environmentally aware customers.

Example 3: Solar Energy for a Restaurant: A restaurant in Durban installs solar panels on its roof to generate electricity. This reduces their reliance on the national electricity grid, lowering their electricity bills and reducing their carbon footprint. The cost of the solar panel installation is R100,000, but it saves them R30,000 per year in electricity costs. The payback period is approximately 3.3 years (R100,000 / R30,000 = 3.3). The restaurant also uses energy-efficient appliances and practices to further reduce their energy consumption. They promote their use of solar energy to attract customers.

Guided Practice (With Solutions)

Question 1: Define "sustainable enterprise" and explain why it is important for South African businesses.

Solution: A sustainable enterprise is a business that operates in a way that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, considering environmental, social, and economic impacts. It's crucial for South African businesses because of the country's environmental challenges (water scarcity, pollution), social inequalities (unemployment), and the need for long-term economic development. Sustainable practices can improve reputation, reduce costs, and attract investors and employees, leading to long-term success.

Question 2: Give three examples of how a small business, such as a spaza shop, can become more environmentally responsible.

Solution:

Reduce Plastic Bag Usage: Offer discounts to customers who bring their own reusable shopping bags. Stop providing free plastic bags altogether.

Energy Efficient Lighting: Replace old incandescent light bulbs with energy-efficient LED bulbs.

Recycling: Set up a recycling bin for cardboard boxes and other recyclable materials. Partner with a local recycling company.

Question 3: A small clothing manufacturing business wants to reduce its water usage. Suggest two specific strategies they could implement and explain how these strategies would benefit the business.

Solution:

Use Water-Efficient Washing Machines: Investing in modern washing machines that use less water per load can significantly reduce overall water consumption.

Benefit: Lower water bills and a reduced environmental impact.

Dry Cleaning Alternatives: Explore dry cleaning alternatives such as wet cleaning which uses water and biodegradable detergents, reducing the business' reliance on harmful chemicals and water usage.

Benefit: Reduced chemical waste, lowered water usage, and a more environmentally friendly brand image.

Independent Practice (Questions Only)

Question 1: Explain the "triple bottom line" and how it relates to sustainable entrepreneurship.

Question 2: Research a South African company that is known for its environmental responsibility. Describe their sustainable practices and the benefits they have gained.

Question 3: A restaurant generates a lot of food waste. Suggest three ways they can reduce food waste and explain the potential benefits of each strategy.

Question 4: A construction company is building a new housing development. How can they incorporate sustainable practices into their construction process to minimize their environmental impact?

Question 5: Imagine you are starting a small business in your community. Develop a business idea that incorporates sustainable practices and explain how your business will benefit the environment and the community.

Question 6: How can a business measure and track its environmental performance? Give examples of metrics that can be used.

Question 7: Explain the concept of "carbon offsetting" and how businesses can use it to reduce their carbon footprint.

Question 8: Discuss the challenges that South African businesses face in implementing sustainable practices.

Question 9: Research the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA) and explain its relevance to South African businesses.

Question 10: How can consumers support sustainable businesses? Give examples of actions that consumers can take.