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Subject: English
Semester: 2
Period: 6
Week: 31
School Name:
Teacher’s Name:
Subject: English Language
Grade Level: Grade 1
Date: Week 31
Lesson Duration: 45 minutes
Week & Period: Week 31, Period 6
Topic: Diphthongs & Hard/Soft C Sounds
Sub-topic: Word patterns with diphthongs and c-sound variations
Learning Objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
Pronounce and read words containing diphthongs and hard/soft ‘c’ sounds
Identify supporting details in texts
Spell high-frequency words “night, hear, into”
Form uppercase and lowercase letters correctly
Previous Knowledge
Students already know:
Basic vowel and consonant sounds, word blending, and familiar high-frequency words
Instructional Materials
English Language textbook for Grade 1
Lesson Development – ABC Model
A – Anticipation (Warm-up / Starter)
Time: 5–10 minutes
The teacher writes sample diphthong words (walk, strong, cloth) and ‘c’ words (cat, cent) on the board. Learners attempt to pronounce them. A short word game follows: clap once for hard ‘c’, clap twice for soft ‘c’.
B – Building Knowledge (Main Lesson Body)
Time: 25–30 minutes
1️⃣ Definitions and Explanations
- Diphthongs:
Vowel sounds that blend together to make a new sound within a word. - Examples:
- –all as in ball
- –alk as in walk
- –oth as in cloth
- –oss as in boss
- The letter “c” sounds:
- Hard ‘c’ = /k/ as in cat, cup, cake
- Soft ‘c’ = /s/ as in city, cent, place
(Tip: Soft ‘c’ usually comes before e, i, y; hard ‘c’ before a, o, u.)
2️⃣ High-Frequency Words of the Week
- night, hear, into
Use in simple sentences during activities.
3️⃣ Examples for Practice
- Walk: /w/–/ɔː/–/k/ (children sound it out slowly)
- Cent: /s/–/e/–/n/–/t/ (children sound it out slowly)
4️⃣ Learners’ Activities (Expanded)
- Read aloud word lists containing diphthongs and words with hard/soft ‘c’.
- Underline soft ‘c’ words in their textbooks.
- Class reads aloud short sentences:
- “The cat sat on the cup.”
- “The cent is in the city.”
- Write diphthong and ‘c’ sound words neatly in notebooks.
5️⃣ Assessment Checks
|
Skill Area |
What to Assess |
|
Pronunciation |
Teacher listens to correct sounds |
|
Word-Picture Matching |
Match words (e.g., cat, cent) to pictures |
6️⃣ Notes (Expanded & Detailed)
- Teaching diphthongs improves fluency by showing how vowel sounds shift and blend.
- Understanding hard vs. soft ‘c’ helps with correct pronunciation and spelling.
- Reinforce that soft ‘c’ sounds appear mostly before e, i, y; hard ‘c’ sounds before a, o, u.
C – Consolidation (Conclusion & Assessment)
Time: 5–10 minutes
Summary: Teacher revises diphthongs and ‘c’ sounds. Students give one word each with diphthongs and soft ‘c’.
Evaluation Method (Expanded):
Exit slip/quiz: Students write one diphthong word and one soft ‘c’ word.
Teacher will collect slips and provide oral feedback.
Assignment (Expanded):
Write 5 diphthong words and 5 words with soft ‘c’ sounds in your exercise book.
Follow-up Activity:
Students look for new diphthong words in storybooks and bring them to class.
Differentiation / Inclusive Strategies
Slower learners get word cards with pictures for easier recognition.
Fast learners form simple sentences with diphthong and ‘c’ words.
Teacher’s Reflection (After Class)
What worked well? ___________________________________________
What needs improvement? ____________________________________
Students’ engagement level: ☑ High ☑ Medium ☑ Low