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Subject: English
Semester: 2
Period: 6
Week: 31
School Name:
Teacher’s Name:
Subject: English Language
Grade Level: Grade 4
Date: Week 31
Lesson Duration: 45 minutes
Week & Period: Week 31, Period 6
Topic: Consonant Digraphs
Sub-topic: Introduction and Practice
Learning Objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to identify consonant digraphs, form words using them, and pronounce them correctly
Previous Knowledge
Students already know some consonant sounds and can blend letters to form words
Instructional Materials
English Language textbook for Grade 4, flashcards with consonant digraphs, word list, board, markers
Lesson Development – ABC Model
A – Anticipation (Warm-up / Starter)
Time: 5–10 minutes
Ask learners to sound out letter pairs like “sl”, “bl”, “gr” and share any words they know that begin with these sounds. Discuss how two letters can make one sound
B – Building Knowledge (Main Lesson Body)
Time: 25–30 minutes
👦🏽👧🏼 Learners’ Activities (Expanded & Detailed)
- Introduction and Explanation
- Teacher explains that consonant digraphs are pairs of consonants that come together to make a single distinct sound, different from the sounds of each individual letter.
- Examples introduced:
- sl as in sleep
- str as in street
- bl as in black
- gr as in green
- ch as in chair
- th as in think
- sh as in ship
- Word Identification
- Students are given a list of words and asked to identify the digraph in each word.
- For example, in shop identify the digraph sh, in throw identify th, and so on.
- Teacher guides students to notice where the digraph appears in the word (beginning, middle, or end).
- Fill-in-the-Blank Exercises
- Learners complete exercises where parts of the word containing digraphs are missing, e.g.,
- bl_ _ck → black
- s_ _p → slip
- gr_ _n → green
- This activity reinforces spelling patterns and helps students connect sounds with letter combinations.
- Pronunciation Practice
- Teacher models pronunciation of words containing digraphs, emphasizing the single sound made by the pair of letters.
- Students repeat words aloud individually and in pairs, focusing on clear articulation of the digraph sounds.
- Use of tongue and mouth position is highlighted to help produce sounds like th (voiced/unvoiced) and ch correctly.
- Group Word Creation Activity
- Students work in small groups to brainstorm and write down a list of at least 10 words containing different consonant digraphs.
- Groups share their lists with the class, reading the words aloud and explaining the digraph sound in each word.
- Example words might include: slip, street, block, green, chair, think, ship, throw, shell, brush.
✅ Assessment Checks
- Reading Aloud: Teacher listens as students read words containing digraphs to check for accurate pronunciation and fluency.
- Oral Identification: Teacher calls out words and asks students to identify and say the digraph in each word.
- Quick Oral Quiz: Students are asked to write or say one example word for each of the digraphs discussed.
- Spelling Check: Teacher gives a dictation exercise using digraph words to assess spelling accuracy.
📘 Notes (Expanded & Detailed)
- Definition: A consonant digraph is a combination of two consonant letters that together represent one sound, which is distinct from the individual consonant sounds.
- Sound Production: Understanding how to articulate digraph sounds clearly is important for correct pronunciation. For example, the sh sound is produced by pushing air through a narrow space between the tongue and the roof of the mouth.
- Positions in Words: Digraphs can appear at the start (e.g., ship), middle (e.g., brush), or end (e.g., catch) of words. Recognizing their position helps with decoding and spelling.
- Common Beginner Digraphs:
- sl: slip, sleep, slow
- str: street, strong, string
- bl: black, blue, blanket
- gr: green, grow, great
- ch: chair, cheese, church
- th: think, this, bath
- sh: ship, shell, brush
- Application: Mastery of consonant digraphs supports learners’ reading fluency and spelling skills by enabling them to chunk letter sounds into meaningful units.
- Instructional Tips: Use visual aids like flashcards or word charts, and incorporate games or matching activities to make learning engaging.
- Practice: Regular practice reading, writing, and speaking words with digraphs solidifies understanding and builds confidence.
C – Consolidation (Conclusion & Assessment)
Time: 5–10 minutes
Summary: Consonant digraphs are important for word formation and pronunciation. Practice helps in reading and writing
Evaluation Method (Expanded):
Exit slip/quiz: write two words with consonant digraphs
Teacher will collect slips and provide oral feedback
Assignment (Expanded):
Create a list of 15 words using at least 5 different consonant digraphs
Follow-up Activity:
Practice pronouncing the words with digraphs at home or with a partner
Differentiation / Inclusive Strategies
Pair learners to support struggling readers, provide visual flashcards, encourage peer teaching
Teacher’s Reflection (After Class)
What worked well? ___________________________________________
What needs improvement? ____________________________________
Students’ engagement level: ☑ High ☑ Medium ☑ Low