Graphs (Bar, Line, Circle, Pictographs)

Grade 5 · Mathematics

Semester 2 | Period 6 | Week 35

Download the Lessonotes Mobile Liberia app for faster lesson access on Android and iPhone.

Get it on Google Play Get it on the Apple App Store

Subject: Mathematics

Semester: 2

Period: 6

Week: 35

School Name:
Teacher’s Name:
Subject: Mathematics
Grade Level: Grade 5
Date: Week 35
Lesson Duration: 45 minutes
Week & Period: Week 35, Period 6
Topic: Graphs (Bar, Line, Circle, Pictographs)
Sub-topic: Constructing and interpreting different graphs

Learning Objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

  1. Construct bar, line, circle, and pictographs.
  2. Interpret information shown in graphs.
  3. Use graphs to solve real-life problems.

Previous Knowledge
Students already know frequency tables.

Instructional Materials
Mathematics textbook for Grade 5, graph paper, pencils, ruler, colored markers.

Lesson Development – ABC Model
A – Anticipation (Warm-up / Starter)
Time: 5–10 minutes
Teacher shows a bar graph of students’ favorite fruits and asks learners what information they can read from it.

B – Building Knowledge (Main Lesson Body)

Time: 25–30 minutes

Definitions & Explanations

  1. Bar Graph
  • A bar graph uses bars (rectangles) to represent data.
  • The height or length of each bar shows the frequency (number of times something occurs).
  • Bars can be drawn vertically (up and down) or horizontally (side to side).
  • Best for comparison between categories.

Example:
Favorite fruit survey (Class of 20):

  • Mango = 8
  • Orange = 5
  • Banana = 4
  • Apple = 3

 

  1. Line Graph
  • A line graph uses points connected by straight lines to show changes over time.
  • It is best for showing trends (increase or decrease).

Example:
Temperature (°C) over 5 days:

  • Mon = 28, Tue = 30, Wed = 29, Thu = 31, Fri = 32

  1. Circle Graph (Pie Chart)
  • A circle is divided into sectors (slices) to represent parts of a whole.
  • Each sector’s size depends on its proportion of the total.
  • Useful for showing percentages or fractions.

Example:
Favorite sport survey (20 students):

  • Football = 10 (50%)
  • Basketball = 5 (25%)
  • Volleyball = 3 (15%)
  • Tennis = 2 (10%)

 

  1. Pictograph
  • A pictograph uses pictures or symbols to represent data.
  • Each picture has a key that shows what it stands for.

Example:
Classroom pets:

  • Dog = 6 🐶🐶🐶 (each 🐶 = 2 dogs)
  • Cat = 4 🐱🐱 (each 🐱 = 2 cats)
  • Fish = 8 🐟🐟🐟🐟 (each 🐟 = 2 fish)

 

Expanded Learners’ Activities

  1. Class Survey:
  • Learners collect data on topics such as:
    • Favorite color
    • Favorite fruit
    • Favorite sport
  • Data is tallied in a frequency table.
  1. Graph Construction:
  • Learners draw bar graphs, line graphs, pie charts, and pictographs using the same data on graph paper.
  • Groups compare which graph best explains the data.
  1. Graph Interpretation:
  • Learners interpret peers’ graphs by answering questions like:
    • Which category is the most popular?
    • Which shows a decrease or increase over time?
    • What percentage of the class prefers mango?

 

Assessment Checks (Oral & Written)

  1. What type of graph is best for showing change in rainfall over months?
  2. A survey shows: Red = 10, Blue = 15, Green = 5. Which graph will best compare these?
  3. If a pictograph uses 🏀 = 2 students, how many students are represented by 🏀🏀🏀🏀?
  4. True or False: “A line graph is best for showing proportions of a whole.”
  5. Draw a bar graph for the data: Mango = 6, Orange = 4, Banana = 2.

 

Notes (Expanded & Detailed)

  • Graphs present data in a simple and clear way, making it easy to see patterns, trends, and comparisons.
  • Bar graphs help compare different categories.
  • Line graphs show changes over time (e.g., rainfall, temperature, sales).
  • Pie charts display proportions or percentages of a whole.
  • Pictographs make data fun and easy to read using pictures or symbols.
  • In daily life, graphs are used in newspapers, weather reports, business sales, sports statistics, and school results.

C – Consolidation (Conclusion & Assessment)
Time: 5–10 minutes
Summary: Teacher revises types of graphs and their uses.

Evaluation Method (Expanded):
Exit slip/quiz: Learners draw a bar graph of students’ favorite drinks.

Assignment (Expanded):
Collect data at home (e.g., number of hours spent on TV, chores, or games). Represent it using a line graph.

Follow-up Activity:
Learners bring examples of graphs from newspapers or magazines.

Differentiation / Inclusive Strategies
Provide pre-drawn axes for weaker learners. Allow use of symbols in place of drawing for pictographs.

Teacher’s Reflection (After Class)
What worked well? ___________________________________________
What needs improvement? ____________________________________
Students’ engagement level: ☑ High ☐ Medium ☐ Low