Percentages and Fractions

Grade 5 · Mathematics

Semester 2 | Period 6 | Week 32

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Subject: Mathematics

Semester: 2

Period: 6

Week: 32

School Name:
Teacher’s Name:
Subject: Mathematics
Grade Level: Grade 5
Date: Week 32
Lesson Duration: 45 minutes
Week & Period: Week 32, Period 6
Topic: Percentages and Fractions
Sub-topic: Converting between percent, fractions, and decimals

Learning Objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

  1. Define percentage as “per hundred.”
  2. Write percentages as ratios and fractions.
  3. Convert percentages to fractions and decimals.
  4. Convert fractions and decimals to percentages.

Previous Knowledge
Students already know fractions and decimals.

Instructional Materials
Mathematics textbook for Grade 5, percent grids, flash cards.

Lesson Development – ABC Model
A – Anticipation (Warm-up / Starter)
Time: 5–10 minutes
Teacher asks learners: “If you scored 25 out of 50 in a test, how can we express this as a percentage?”

B – Building Knowledge (Main Lesson Body)

Time: 25–30 minutes

Definition of Percentage:

  • The word percentage comes from the Latin phrase per centum, which means “per hundred.”
  • The symbol for percent is %.
  • A percentage shows how many parts out of 100 a number represents.
  • Example: 25% = 25 out of 100 = 25/100.

 

Conversions Between Percent, Fractions, and Decimals

  1. Converting Percent to Fraction:
  • To convert a percent to a fraction, write it over 100, then simplify if possible.
  • Examples:
    • 50% = 50/100 = 1/2
    • 25% = 25/100 = 1/4
    • 80% = 80/100 = 4/5
    • 10% = 10/100 = 1/10
  1. Converting Percent to Decimal:
  • To convert a percent to a decimal, divide by 100 (or move the decimal point two places left).
  • Examples:
    • 75% = 75 ÷ 100 = 0.75
    • 20% = 20 ÷ 100 = 0.20
    • 5% = 5 ÷ 100 = 0.05
    • 100% = 100 ÷ 100 = 1.0
  1. Converting Fraction to Percent:
  • To convert a fraction to percent, divide the numerator by the denominator, then multiply by 100.
  • Examples:
    • 3/4 = (3 ÷ 4) × 100 = 0.75 × 100 = 75%
    • 2/5 = (2 ÷ 5) × 100 = 0.4 × 100 = 40%
    • 1/2 = (1 ÷ 2) × 100 = 0.5 × 100 = 50%
    • 7/10 = (7 ÷ 10) × 100 = 70%
  1. Converting Decimal to Percent:
  • To convert a decimal to percent, multiply by 100 (or move the decimal two places right).
  • Examples:
    • 0.2 × 100 = 20%
    • 0.75 × 100 = 75%
    • 0.05 × 100 = 5%
    • 1.25 × 100 = 125% (note: percentages can be more than 100%)

 

Learners’ Activities (Expanded):

  1. Percent Grids Shading:
    • Learners shade 25%, 50%, and 75% on 100-square grids to visually understand percentages.
    • Example: Shade 25 out of 100 squares for 25%.
  2. Conversion Practice:
    • Teacher writes percentages (e.g., 20%, 35%, 50%, 80%) on the board.
    • Learners convert each into fractions and decimals.
  3. Flash Card Activity:
    • In groups, learners make flash cards showing fractions, decimals, and percentages that are equivalent.
    • Example: One card shows 1/2 – 0.5 – 50%.
  4. Matching Game:
    • Teacher places percent, fraction, and decimal cards on a table.
    • Learners match cards that are equivalent.
    • Example: Match 0.25 with 1/4 and 25%.
  5. Word Problem Exercises:
    • “If 40% of a class of 50 students are girls, how many girls are in the class?”
    • “What percent of L$200 is L$50?”
    • “If you scored 18 out of 20 on a test, what percent did you score?”

 

Assessment Checks (Expanded):

  1. What fraction is equal to 40%?
  2. Convert 3/5 to percent.
  3. Express 0.6 as a percent.
  4. Write 75% as a fraction in simplest form.
  5. If a bag of rice costs L$10,000 and you pay 20% of it, how much do you pay?
  6. A student got 16 out of 20 marks. What is the percentage score?
  7. Convert the following:
    • (a) 125% to a fraction
    • (b) 0.25 to percent
    • (c) 2/5 to percent

 

Notes (Expanded & Detailed):

  • Percentages, fractions, and decimals are different forms of expressing parts of a whole.
  • Percentages are easy to use when comparing values because they are based on 100.
  • Conversions among percentages, fractions, and decimals are very useful in daily life:
    • Money & Discounts: 20% off a L$5,000 shirt saves L$1,000.
    • Exams: A score of 45/50 = 90%.
    • Sports: If a team wins 8 out of 10 games, that is 80%.
    • Health: A doctor may say “a medicine is 95% effective.”
  • Understanding percentages helps in shopping, budgeting, statistics, cooking, science experiments, and data interpretation.

C – Consolidation (Conclusion & Assessment)
Time: 5–10 minutes
Summary: Teacher highlights key conversions between fractions, decimals, and percentages.

Evaluation Method (Expanded):
Exit slip/quiz: Convert 60% to fraction and decimal. Convert 0.25 to percent.

Assignment (Expanded):
Convert: (a) 0.5 to percent (b) 35% to fraction (c) 4/5 to percent.

Follow-up Activity:
Learners check everyday examples of percentages (discounts in shops, exam scores).

Differentiation / Inclusive Strategies
Provide percent grids for visual learners. Give step-by-step conversions for slower learners.

Teacher’s Reflection (After Class)
What worked well? ___________________________________________
What needs improvement? ____________________________________
Students’ engagement level: ☑ High ☐ Medium ☐ Low