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Subject: English
Semester: 2
Period: 4
Week: 20
School Name:
Teacher’s Name:
Subject: English Language
Grade Level: Grade 6
Date: Week 20
Lesson Duration: 45 minutes
Week & Period: Week 20, Period 4
Topic: Perfect Tenses
Sub-topic: Present Perfect, Past Perfect, Future Perfect
Learning Objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
Define and identify perfect tenses
Construct sentences using present, past, and future perfect tenses
Explain when each perfect tense is used
Previous Knowledge
Students already know simple present, past, and future tenses
Instructional Materials
English Language textbook for Grade 6, verb tense chart, markers, timeline diagram
Lesson Development – ABC Model
A – Anticipation (Warm-up / Starter)
Time: 5–10 minutes
Ask learners to share experiences that happened recently, earlier this week, and plans to be completed by tomorrow
B – Building Knowledge (Main Lesson Body)
Time: 25–30 minutes
👩🏽🏫 Teacher Explanation & Demonstration (10–12 minutes)
🔍 What Is the Perfect Tense?
- The perfect tense expresses actions that are completed at a certain point in time or show a connection between past actions and the present/future.
- It tells us when an action was completed, often relative to another event.
🔹 Three Types of Perfect Tense with Examples
|
Perfect Tense |
Structure |
Example Sentence |
Meaning / Usage |
|
Present Perfect |
have/has + past participle |
I have eaten my lunch. |
Action completed recently or at an unspecified time before now. |
|
Past Perfect |
had + past participle |
I had eaten before you arrived. |
Action completed before another past action or time. |
|
Future Perfect |
will have + past participle |
I will have finished my work by noon. |
Action that will be completed before a specified future time. |
📅 Using Timelines to Visualize
- Draw a timeline on the board to show how these tenses relate to points in time:
|
Past Perfect |
Past Action 1 |
Past Action 2 |
Present (Now) |
Future Action |
|
I had eaten |
(before you arrived) |
(you arrived) |
|
Present Perfect |
Action Completed (unspecified time before now) |
Now |
||
|
I have eaten my lunch |
|
Future Perfect |
Now |
Future Action Completed by Specific Time |
Time (Noon) |
|
I will have finished |
Explain that the perfect tense connects events across time points.
🔠 Forming the Perfect Tenses
- The past participle is the verb form used with perfect tenses.
- Regular verbs: add -ed (play → played)
- Irregular verbs: unique forms (eat → eaten, go → gone)
📝 Examples of Sentence Construction
- Present Perfect:
- She has visited London.
- They have seen that movie.
- Past Perfect:
- She had left before the party started.
- They had finished dinner when I called.
- Future Perfect:
- She will have arrived by 8 p.m.
- They will have completed the project next week.
👩🏾🎓 Learners’ Activities (Expanded – 13–15 minutes)
- Identify Perfect Tenses (Group/Pair Work, 5 minutes)
- Provide learners with short paragraphs containing a mix of present perfect, past perfect, and future perfect sentences.
- Ask them to underline or highlight the perfect tense verbs.
- Discuss the timing and meaning of the actions in relation to each other.
- Sentence Completion & Transformation Drills (Individual or Pair, 5 minutes)
- Give sentence starters to complete using the correct perfect tense.
- Example:
- By the time she arrived, I _______ (finish) my homework. → had finished
- I _______ (see) that movie already. → have seen
- Ask learners to transform sentences from present to past perfect, or future perfect.
- Example:
- I have eaten breakfast. → I had eaten breakfast before leaving.
- Group Discussion: When to Use Each Perfect Tense (Whole Class, 3–5 minutes)
- Facilitate discussion on the usage contexts of each tense:
- Present perfect: recent or unspecified completed actions
- Past perfect: actions before other past actions
- Future perfect: actions completed before a certain future time
- Use examples and real-life situations to ground understanding.
✅ Assessment Checks
|
Skill/Criteria |
How to Assess |
|
Correct identification of perfect tense verbs |
Review group paragraph work |
|
Accurate sentence completion and transformation |
Check sentence drills and transformation tasks |
|
Understanding of timing and sequence in tenses |
Use timeline diagrams and oral questioning |
|
Appropriate use of perfect tenses in discussion |
Listen to explanations during group discussions |
🗒️ Notes (Expanded & Detailed)
🔹 Summary of Perfect Tense Forms
|
Tense |
Form |
Function |
|
Present Perfect |
have/has + past participle |
Completed action related to now |
|
Past Perfect |
had + past participle |
Completed action before another past event |
|
Future Perfect |
will have + past participle |
Completed action before a future time |
🔹 Common Irregular Past Participles
- eat → eaten
- go → gone
- write → written
- see → seen
- do → done
🔹 Common Mistakes & Tips
|
Mistake |
Correction & Explanation |
|
Using present perfect for a completed past time |
Use past perfect when referring to earlier past action |
|
Forgetting auxiliary verb (have/has/had) |
Always include the correct form of "have" before past participle |
|
Confusing past perfect and past simple |
Past perfect shows earlier past action; past simple is the main past action |
🔹 Tips for Learning Perfect Tenses
- Practice by relating actions to specific time points (e.g., “Before I left…” or “By tomorrow…”)
- Use timelines or drawings to visualize the relationship between actions
- Memorize irregular past participles using flashcards or repetition
Optional: Additional Practice Ideas
- Write short paragraphs describing sequences of events using perfect tenses
- Tell a story involving events that happened before other past events (past perfect)
- Predict future accomplishments using future perfect
C – Consolidation (Conclusion & Assessment)
Time: 5–10 minutes
Summary: Learners understand perfect tenses and can apply them in sentences
Evaluation Method (Expanded):
Exit slip/quiz: Write three sentences in present perfect, past perfect, and future perfect
Teacher will collect slips and provide oral feedback
Assignment (Expanded):
Write a short paragraph about your week using all three perfect tenses
Follow-up Activity:
Peer review of paragraphs and discussion of tense usage
Differentiation / Inclusive Strategies
Provide verb lists, allow group collaboration, and visual timeline aids
Teacher’s Reflection (After Class)
What worked well? ___________________________________________
What needs improvement? ____________________________________
Students’ engagement level: ☑ High ☑ Medium ☑ Low