Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 2

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• Identify the place value of digits (Tens and Units).
• Break down numbers (e.g., 57 = 50 + 7).
• Show numbers using pictures and symbols.
• Compare and order numbers up to 99.

Lesson summary

This week, we begin our exciting journey into the world of two-digit numbers up to 99! Understanding numbers is a superpower. It helps us every single day in South Africa. When you go to the spaza shop, you need to know if you have enough money, like R25 for a loaf of bread and some sweets. When you play a game of soccer with your friends, you need to count the score. Numbers help us understand the world around us. This week, we will focus on the building blocks of these numbers: place value. We will learn that a number like 34 is not just a 3 and a 4 next to each other, but it means 3 groups of ten and 4 single ones.

Lesson notes

What is Place Value? Every number has digits, and each digit has a special 'place' that tells us its value. Think of it like a house. We have a house for the Tens and a house for the Units (or Ones).

Units: This is the house on the right. It tells us how many single items we have. It can hold any digit from 0 to

9. Tens: This is the house on the left. It tells us how many groups of ten we have.

Example 1: The number 28 Let's look at the number

2

8. The digit 8 is in the Units place. This means we have 8 single things. We can show this with 8 bottle tops. O O O O O O O O The digit 2 is in the Tens place. This means we have 2 groups of ten. That's 10 + 10, which equals 20. (OOOOOOOOOO) (OOOOOOOOOO) So, 28 is made of 2 Tens and 8 Units. Decomposing Numbers (Breaking Them Down) Decomposing means to break a number apart into its place value parts. This helps us see the true value of each digit.

Example 2: Decomposing 73 Let's use a real-life example with South African money. Imagine you have R

7

3. How many R10 notes do you have? You have 7 ten-rand notes. The value is R

7

0. How many R1 coins do you have? You have 3 one-rand coins. The value is R

3. So, we can break down or decompose 73 like this: 73 = 70 + 3 This is also called expanded notation. It shows that the '7' in 73 is actually worth 70, and the '3' is worth

3. Comparing and Ordering Numbers Once we understand place value, we can easily tell which numbers are bigger or smaller.

The Rule: Always look at the Tens digit first!

Example 3: Comparing 45 and 54 Thabo has 45 marbles and Sipho has 54 marbles. Who has more?

Look at the Tens: In 45, the Tens digit is 4 (which means 40). In 54, the Tens digit is 5 (which means 50).

Compare the Tens: Is 4 tens bigger or smaller than 5 tens? It's smaller.

Conclusion: Since 4 tens is less than 5 tens, the number 45 is less than

5

4. Sipho has more marbles.

We write this using symbols: 45 62 Guided Practice (With Solutions)

Question 1: Look at the number 91. (a) What digit is in the Tens place? (b) What is the value of this digit? (c) What digit is in the Units place?

Solution 1: Let's look at our number, 91. (a) The digit on the left is the Tens digit. So, the digit in the Tens place is 9. (b) The value of the 9 in the Tens place is 9 groups of ten, which is 90. (c) The digit on the right is the Units digit. So, the digit in the Units place is

1. Question 2: Decompose (break down) the number 56 into tens and units using expanded notation.

Solution 2: Decomposing means we show the value of each digit. We look at the number

5

6. The digit 5 is in the Tens place. Its value is 5 tens, or

5

0. The digit 6 is in the Units place. Its value is 6 units, or

6. We write it as an addition sum: 56 = 50 +

6. Question 3: Arrange these numbers from the smallest to the biggest: 37, 73, 33, 13 Solution 3: We need to put the numbers in ascending order. First, let's look at the Tens digit of each number: 37 has 3 tens. 73 has 7 tens. 33 has 3 tens. 13 has 1 ten. The smallest Tens digit is

1. So, 13 is the smallest number overall. Next, we have two numbers with 3 tens: 37 and

3

3. Since their Tens digits are the same, we must now look at their Units digits. 37 has 7 units. 33 has 3 units. 3 is smaller than 7, so 33 comes before

3

7. The largest Tens digit is

7. So, 73 is the biggest number. The final order from smallest to biggest is: 13, 33, 37,

7

3. Independent Practice (Questions Only) Draw a circle around the Tens digit in each number: a) 48 b) 9 c) 92 d) 15 Write the number shown by the pictures: a) (10 blocks) (10 blocks) (10 blocks) (1 block) (1 block) = ______ b) (10 bundling sticks) (10 bundling sticks) and 7 single sticks = ______ Decompose these numbers: a) 82 = ______ + ______ b) 49 = ______ + ______ c) 90 = ______ + ______ Fill in the correct symbol ( , or =) in the space: a) 23 ___ 32 b) 87 ___ 78 c) 55 ___ 50 + 5 Write these numbers from the biggest to the smallest: 61, 16, 6, 60 Word Problem: Zola read 42 pages of her book. Busi read 24 pages of her book. Who read more pages?