Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 2

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• Break down numbers into tens and units (e.g., 47 = 40 + 7)
• Find the value of each digit in a number
• Compare numbers using >, <, and =
• Solve simple addition and subtraction problems

Lesson summary

Overview This week, we continue our journey into the world of numbers up to

9

9. The focus is on understanding a crucial concept called place value. Place value helps us understand that the position of a digit in a number changes its value. For example, the '2' in 25 is different from the '2' in

5

2. In South Africa, this is incredibly important for everyday tasks like understanding money (a R20 note is different from a R2 coin), reading the price of groceries at the spaza shop, or even knowing the score in a soccer game. By mastering tens and units, learners will build a strong foundation for adding, subtracting, and working with even bigger numbers in the future.

Lesson notes

What if the Tens are the same? If the tens digits are the same, then we look at the units digits.

Worked Example 3: Comparing 67 and 63 Look at the Tens: In 67, the tens digit is

6. In 63, the tens digit is also

6. They are the same!

Look at the Units: Now we compare the units. In 67, the units digit is

7. In 63, the units digit is

3. Compare the Units: 7 is bigger than

3. Conclusion: Therefore, 67 is greater than

6

3. Write it with the symbol: 67 > 63 Adding and Subtracting using Place Value (Without Regrouping) We can use our knowledge of Tens and Units to make adding and subtracting much easier.

Worked Example 4: Addition Solve: 42 + 35 Break down both numbers: 42 = 40 + 2 35 = 30 + 5 Add the Units together: 2 + 5 = 7 Add the Tens together: 40 + 30 = 70 Add the results: 70 + 7 = 77 So, 42 + 35 =

7

7. Worked Example 5: Subtraction Solve: 86 - 53 Break down both numbers: 86 = 80 + 6 53 = 50 + 3 Subtract the Units: 6 - 3 = 3 Subtract the Tens: 80 - 50 = 30 Add the results: 30 + 3 = 33 So, 86 - 53 =

3

3. Guided Practice (With Solutions)

Question 1: Break down the number 92 into its tens and units. Write it as an addition sum.

Solution: Look at the number

9

2. The digit '9' is in the Tens place. Its value is

9

0. The digit '2' is in the Units place. Its value is

2. So, 92 is 9 tens and 2 units.

The addition sum is: 92 = 90 +

2. Question 2: Sipho has 54 marbles and Palesa has 45 marbles. Who has more marbles? Use the symbol > or 45*.

Question 3: Mom buys a bag of oranges with 36 oranges. She buys another bag with 21 oranges. How many oranges does she have altogether?

Solution: This is an addition word problem: 36 +

2

1. Break down the numbers: 36 = 30 + 6 and 21 = 20 +

1. Add the units: 6 + 1 =

7. Add the tens: 30 + 20 =

5

0. Combine the answers: 50 + 7 =

5

7. Mom has 57 oranges altogether. Independent Practice (Questions Only) Write down the value of the underlined digit: a) 58 = ___ b) 71 = ___ Break down these numbers into tens and units (e.g., 23 = 20 + 3): a) 65 = ___ + ___ b) 99 = ___ + ___ Fill in the correct symbol: >, <, or =. a) 34 ___ 43 b) 87 ___ 78 c) 50 + 2 ___ 52 Arrange these numbers from the smallest to the biggest: 71, 17, 77, 70 Arrange these numbers from the biggest to the smallest: 56, 65, 50, 60 Calculate the following: a) 51 + 26 = ___ b) 34 + 43 = ___ Calculate the following: a) 98 - 15 = ___ b) 66 - 32 = ___ Word Problem: Busi baked 48 cupcakes for the school market. She sold 25 cupcakes. How many cupcakes does she have left? Real-life Applications / Integration Money Management: Learners can practice with play money (or real coins and notes under supervision). For example, they can see that a R50 note is five R10 notes (5 tens) and a R5 coin is five R1 coins (5 units). When buying an item at a tuckshop for R12, they understand it's one R10 and two R1 coins. This builds a foundation for financial literacy.

Community and Sport: When watching or playing a game of soccer or netball, learners can read the scoreboard. If the Bafana Bafana are winning 3-1, they can see that 3 is greater than

1. If a cricket player scores 54 runs, they understand this is 5 tens and 4 units, which is a great score.

Measurement and Shopping: When helping parents with groceries, they can compare weights on packages (e.g., a 75g packet of chips vs a 50g packet). They can also look at prices on shelves and identify which item costs more or less, applying their number comparison skills in a practical way. Differentiation, Remediation and Extension Strategies for Struggling Learners (Remediation)

Use Concrete Aids: Provide learners with concrete materials like bottle tops, beans, or Dienes blocks. Have them physically group items into tens and count the leftovers as units. This makes the abstract concept of place value tangible.

Flard Cards (Place Value Cards): Use Flard cards to physically build and break down numbers. For example, they can place the '7' card on top of the '80' card to make 87, and then take them apart to see the values.

Number Line: A large, visible number line in the classroom can help learners visualise which numbers are bigger or smaller. They can physically 'hop' to add or subtract.

Focus on a Smaller Range: Start with numbers up to 20, then move to 50, before tackling the full 0-99 range. Strategies for High-Achieving Learners (Extension)

Introduce Regrouping (Carrying): Challenge these learners with addition problems where the units add up to more than 9, e.g., 47 +

2

5. Guide them through the process of 'carrying over' the ten.

Three-Digit Numbers: Introduce the concept of the 'Hundreds' place. Ask them to decompose and compare numbers like

1

2

5. Problem Creation: Ask learners to create their own word problems for their friends to solve. This requires a deeper understanding of the concepts.

Number Puzzles: Provide puzzles like: "I am a number between 40 and

5

0. My units digit is 3 more than my tens digit. What number am I?" (Answer: 47).