Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 2
Multiplication and division as repeated addition/subtraction – Week 7 focus
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Multiplication and division as repeated addition/subtraction – Week 7 focus
Download the Lessonotes Mobile South Africa app for faster lesson access on Android and iPhone.
Subject: Mathematics
Class: Grade 2
Term: 1st Term
Week: 7
Theme: General lesson support
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This week, we're diving into the exciting world of multiplication and division! We're going to explore how multiplication is simply repeated addition, and how division is repeated subtraction. This understanding is super important because it helps us solve everyday problems quickly and easily. Imagine you’re sharing sweets with your friends, or figuring out how many crayons each person gets – that's where multiplication and division come in handy. In South Africa, understanding these concepts is helpful in many situations, from sharing amagwinya at break time to calculating the cost of groceries at the spaza shop. Knowing multiplication and division makes life easier!
Multiplication as Repeated Addition: Multiplication is a shortcut for adding the same number multiple times. Think of it as a quick way to count groups of things. The multiplication sign is 'x'. When we say "3 x 4", we mean "3 groups of 4" or "add the number 4 three times".
Example 1: Amagwinya Let’s say Maria has 2 friends, and she wants to give each of them 3 amagwinya. How many amagwinya does she need in total? We have 2 groups (friends) and each group has 3 amagwinya. So, we can write it as 2 x
3. This means we add 3 two times: 3 + 3 = 6 Therefore, Maria needs 6 amagwinya.
Example 2: Crayons Sipho has 4 packets of crayons. Each packet has 5 crayons. How many crayons does Sipho have in total? We have 4 groups (packets) and each group has 5 crayons. So, we can write it as 4 x
5. This means we add 5 four times: 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20 Therefore, Sipho has 20 crayons.
Division as Repeated Subtraction: Division is the process of splitting a larger number into equal groups by taking away the same amount each time. It helps us figure out how many groups we can make or how many items go into each group. The division sign is '÷'. When we say "12 ÷ 3", we mean "how many times can we take 3 away from 12 until we reach 0?".
Example 1: Sharing Sweets Thando has 10 sweets and wants to share them equally with his 2 friends. How many sweets does each person get? (Including Thando). We want to divide 10 sweets into 2 groups. So, we can write it as 10 ÷
2. We subtract 2 from 10 repeatedly: 10 - 2 = 8 (1st sweet) 8 - 2 = 6 (2nd sweet) 6 - 2 = 4 (3rd sweet) 4 - 2 = 2 (4th sweet) 2 - 2 = 0 (5th sweet) We subtracted 2 five times to reach
0. Therefore, each person gets 5 sweets.
Example 2: Planting Seeds Zanele has 15 seeds and wants to plant them in rows of
5. How many rows can she plant? We want to divide 15 seeds into groups of
5. So, we can write it as 15 ÷
5. We subtract 5 from 15 repeatedly: 15 - 5 = 10 (1st row) 10 - 5 = 5 (2nd row) 5 - 5 = 0 (3rd row) We subtracted 5 three times to reach
0. Therefore, Zanele can plant 3 rows. Guided Practice (With Solutions)
Question 1: Represent 3 x 2 as repeated addition and find the answer.
Solution: 3 x 2 means we add 2 three times: 2 + 2 + 2 =
6. Therefore, 3 x 2 =
6. We are adding the number '2' a total of three times.
Question 2: Represent 8 ÷ 2 as repeated subtraction and find the answer.
Solution: 8 ÷ 2 means we subtract 2 from 8 until we reach 0: 8 - 2 = 6 6 - 2 = 4 4 - 2 = 2 2 - 2 = 0 We subtracted 2 four times.
Therefore, 8 ÷ 2 =
4. Question 3: Lindiwe has 4 packets of chips. Each packet has 3 chips. How many chips does Lindiwe have in total? Use repeated addition to solve this problem.
Solution: Lindiwe has 4 groups (packets) and each group has 3 chips. This is 4 x
3. We add 3 four times: 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 =
1
2. Therefore, Lindiwe has 12 chips.
Question 4: Musa has 12 marbles and wants to share them equally among his 3 friends. How many marbles does each friend get? Use repeated subtraction to solve this problem.
Solution: Musa wants to divide 12 marbles into 3 groups. This is 12 ÷
3. We subtract 3 from 12 repeatedly: 12 - 3 = 9 9 - 3 = 6 6 - 3 = 3 3 - 3 = 0 We subtracted 3 four times.
Therefore, each friend gets 4 marbles. Independent Practice (Questions Only) Represent 5 x 3 as repeated addition and find the answer. Represent 15 ÷ 5 as repeated subtraction and find the answer. Sarah has 2 plates of biscuits. Each plate has 6 biscuits. How many biscuits does Sarah have in total? (Use repeated addition) John has 16 apples and wants to put them into bags of
4. How many bags does John need? (Use repeated subtraction) What is 2 x 7, expressed as repeated addition? What is 20 ÷ 4, expressed as repeated subtraction? Nomusa has 3 rows of flowers in her garden. Each row has 5 flowers. How many flowers does Nomusa have in total? David has 9 sweets to share equally with 3 friends. How many sweets will each friend get? Represent 4 x 4 using repeated addition. Calculate the answer. Represent 14 ÷ 2 using repeated subtraction. Calculate the answer.