Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term v5 - Grade 2

Lesson Video

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Performance objectives

• Find and continue simple number patterns.
• Describe the rule of a number pattern.
• Create your own number patterns.
• Solve number problems using patterns.

Lesson summary

This week, we are going to become pattern detectives! We'll be exploring number patterns, which are sequences of numbers that follow a specific rule. Understanding patterns is like cracking a secret code. It helps us predict what comes next and makes learning maths more fun and engaging. Imagine you're helping your mom pack eggs into cartons. If she always puts 6 eggs in each row, you can predict how many eggs she'll need for the next row. Or, if you're collecting money for a good cause and earn R5 each day, you can predict how much money you'll have at the end of the week. Recognizing these patterns is a useful skill in everyday life.

Lesson notes

A number pattern is a list of numbers that follow a specific rule. This rule tells us how to get from one number to the next. The rule can involve adding, subtracting, multiplying, or dividing (though in Grade 2, we mostly focus on adding and subtracting).

Increasing Patterns: These patterns get bigger. They usually involve adding a number.

Example 1: 2, 4, 6, 8, __, __ Explanation: To get from 2 to 4, we add 2 (2 + 2 = 4). To get from 4 to 6, we add 2 (4 + 2 = 6). The rule is "add 2". So, the next two numbers are 10 (8 + 2) and 12 (10 + 2).

Example 2: 5, 10, 15, 20, __, __ Explanation: To get from 5 to 10, we add 5 (5 + 5 = 10). To get from 10 to 15, we add 5 (10 + 5 = 15). The rule is "add 5". So, the next two numbers are 25 (20 + 5) and 30 (25 + 5).

Example 3: 11, 13, 15, 17, __, __ Explanation: To get from 11 to 13, we add 2 (11 + 2 = 13). To get from 13 to 15, we add 2 (13 + 2 = 15). The rule is "add 2". So, the next two numbers are 19 (17 + 2) and 21 (19 + 2).

Decreasing Patterns: These patterns get smaller. They usually involve subtracting a number.

Example 1: 10, 8, 6, 4, __, __ Explanation: To get from 10 to 8, we subtract 2 (10 - 2 = 8). To get from 8 to 6, we subtract 2 (8 - 2 = 6). The rule is "subtract 2". So, the next two numbers are 2 (4 - 2) and 0 (2 - 2).

Example 2: 25, 20, 15, 10, __, __ Explanation: To get from 25 to 20, we subtract 5 (25 - 5 = 20). To get from 20 to 15, we subtract 5 (20 - 5 = 15). The rule is "subtract 5". So, the next two numbers are 5 (10 - 5) and 0 (5 - 5).

Example 3: 40, 35, 30, 25, __, __ Explanation: To get from 40 to 35, we subtract 5 (40 - 5 = 35). To get from 35 to 30, we subtract 5 (35 - 5 = 30). The rule is "subtract 5". So, the next two numbers are 20 (25 - 5) and 15 (20 - 5).

Identifying the Rule: Look at the first two numbers in the pattern.

Ask yourself: "What do I need to add or subtract to get from the first number to the second number?" Check if the same addition or subtraction works for the next pair of numbers in the pattern. If it does, you have found the rule! Use the rule to find the missing numbers.

Example: 3, 6, 9, 12, __, __ To get from 3 to 6, we add 3 (3 + 3 = 6). To get from 6 to 9, we add 3 (6 + 3 = 9). To get from 9 to 12, we add 3 (9 + 3 = 12). The rule is "add 3". So, the next two numbers are 15 (12 + 3) and 18 (15 + 3). Guided Practice (With Solutions)

Question 1: Complete the pattern: 1, 3, 5, 7, __, __. What is the rule?

Solution: To get from 1 to 3, we add 2 (1 + 2 = 3). To get from 3 to 5, we add 2 (3 + 2 = 5). To get from 5 to 7, we add 2 (5 + 2 = 7). The rule is "add 2". So, the next two numbers are 9 (7 + 2) and 11 (9 + 2).

Answer: 9,

1

1. The rule is "add 2".

Question 2: Complete the pattern: 20, 18, 16, 14, __, __. What is the rule?

Solution: To get from 20 to 18, we subtract 2 (20 - 2 = 18). To get from 18 to 16, we subtract 2 (18 - 2 = 16). To get from 16 to 14, we subtract 2 (16 - 2 = 14). The rule is "subtract 2". So, the next two numbers are 12 (14 - 2) and 10 (12 - 2).

Answer: 12,

1

0. The rule is "subtract 2".

Question 3: Complete the pattern: 10, 20, 30, 40, __, __. What is the rule?

Solution: To get from 10 to 20, we add 10 (10 + 10 = 20). To get from 20 to 30, we add 10 (20 + 10 = 30). To get from 30 to 40, we add 10 (30 + 10 = 40). The rule is "add 10". So, the next two numbers are 50 (40 + 10) and 60 (50 + 10).

Answer: 50,

6

0. The rule is "add 10".

Question 4: Complete the pattern: 50, 45, 40, 35, __, __. What is the rule?

Solution: To get from 50 to 45, we subtract 5 (50 - 5 = 45). To get from 45 to 40, we subtract 5 (45 - 5 = 40). To get from 40 to 35, we subtract 5 (40 - 5 = 35). The rule is "subtract 5". So, the next two numbers are 30 (35 - 5) and 25 (30 - 5).

Answer: 30,

2

5. The rule is "subtract 5". Independent Practice (Questions Only)

Complete the pattern: 4, 8, 12, 16, __, __. What is the rule?

Complete the pattern: 30, 27, 24, 21, __, __. What is the rule?

Complete the pattern: 15, 20, 25, 30, __, __. What is the rule?

Complete the pattern: 80, 70, 60, 50, __, __. What is the rule?

Complete the pattern: 2, 6, 10, 14, __, __. What is the rule?

Complete the pattern: 90, 85, 80, 75, __, __. What is the rule? I start at 7 and count on in 3s. What are the next three numbers? I start at 50 and count back in 5s. What are the next three numbers? Create your own increasing number pattern and write down the rule. Create your own decreasing number pattern and write down the rule.